- 期刊
婦女健康之研究與知識建構：以孕期噁心嘔吐為例
Research and Knowledge Development in Women's Health: Pregnancy-related Nausea and Vomiting as an Example
摘要
婦女健康之相關議題很多，筆者因緣際會地對孕期噁心嘔吐有所鑽研，迄今10多年，研究歷程來自懷孕婦女的生命經驗之觸動，再擴及至心理社會的橫斷性調查研究，進而到生理指標的應證之縱貫性研究，以護理的視野探討及應證生、心、靈、社會的全人照護，由研究逐漸地初步建構孕期噁心嘔吐的護理知識：(1)輕中度孕期噁心嘔吐／害喜是婦女“甜蜜的負荷”，她們會試著尋找因應策略，以獲得自我掌控感；(2)孕期噁心嘔吐沒有文化藩籬，不同種族的婦女皆會有孕期噁心嘔吐，只是發生率略有不同；(3)孕期噁心嘔吐與壓力、疲憊、憂鬱及抽菸有正相關，且為孕期適應的重要預測因子之一；(4)孕期噁心嘔吐於三個孕期有顯著性的變化，且與hCG及leptin有關；INVR量表和壓力視覺量表可作為懷孕期間簡易、非侵入性的有效評估工具。此研究與知識建構過程，和以心理神經免疫學為基礎之理論架構的一般模式(generic model of the psychoneuroimmunology-based theoretical framework)有許多相似之處；而所經歷的時間漫長、建構的知識有限，以此文稿與讀者分享，期待能有拋磚引玉之果效。
並列摘要
There are many issues related to women's health. For some reasons, I study pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting (NV) for more than 10 years, starting from the live experience of pregnant women through psychosocially cross-sectional research to longitudinal studies of biomarkers. To explore and examine the holistic care in light of the perspective of nursing, I develop the preliminary knowledge of pregnancy-related NV gradually and consequently by research: (1) Mild and moderate pregnancy-related NV is a ”sweet loading” of women. They try to find strategies to acquire perception of self-control. (2) There are no culture differences for pregnancy-related NV. Most women have pregnancy-related NV with different incidences. (3) There are a positive relationship among pregnancy-related NV, stress, fatigue, depression, and smoking. Pregnancy-related NV is also an important predictor of maternal adaptation. (4) Pregnancy-related NV has a significant variation through the three trimesters. It is correlated to the levels of hCG and leptin. The Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching and Visual Analog Scale of Stress could be an effective assessment tool for pregnancy. There are some similarities between the process of research and knowledge development in pregnancy-related NV and the generic model of the psychoneuroimmunology-based theoretical framework. It takes a long time and develops limited knowledge for the research journey of pregnancy-related NV. I share my personal experience to inspire more effectiveness by others.