空間語境與歷史暴力－論葉石濤1965後復出階段的鬼魅書寫

The Space Context and Historical Violence: Discuss the Ghostly Writings of Yeh Shih-t'ao's Works after 1965

廖淑芳(Shu-Fang Liao)

《臺灣文學研究學報》 13期 (2011/10) Pp. 127-166

https://doi.org/10.6458/JTLS.201110.0127

摘要

本論文為筆者鬼魅敘事系列論述之一，主要探討戰後第一代跨語作家葉石濤1965到1971年之間，入獄出獄後的「復出階段」，一系列鬼魅敘事的特殊意義。這一批鬼魅敘事文本雖曾有人討論，但仍停留在文本的內容敘述層次，其意涵與特殊性尚待挖掘與分析。葉石濤在1951年的戰後白色恐怖時期，曾以「知匪不報」被羅織入罪，入獄三年多，這段經歷對他造成致命性影響，使他停筆十多年，到1965年才再度復出。復出階段，他不停歇地不斷創作小說，共寫作了有39篇小說，直到1971年起才暫停小說，轉向台灣文學評論。這個階段一般稱為他的「黑色幽默時期」，除以自然主義風格反映庶民生活之外，很特殊的是他曾集中寫作了這一組〈齋堂傳奇〉、〈墓地風景〉、〈葬禮〉、〈鬼月〉等具有鬼魅特質的小說，都以破碎、詭異、斷片的「空白」，標誌著其文本「未完成」或「無法完成」的延擱狀態。場景強烈的荒謬、錯置，觀看與飲食的意象則散佈其間。本文將試圖說明此一鬼魅敘事開展出怎樣的視覺景觀？它究竟在怎樣的文化與文學場域的空間語境中萌動與開啟？即形塑此一斷裂、空白、延擱形式的鬼魅敘事，它涉及了怎樣的動力與作用的生成關係？又如何藉文本空間隱藏揮之不去的歷史暴力與幽靈纏繞？

關鍵字

葉石濤 ； 鬼魅敘事 ； 症候式閱讀 ； 空間語境 ； 歷史暴力 ； 中華文化復興運動

並列摘要

This paper is one of my ghostly writing discussion series. It mainly discusses the exceptional meanings in Yeh Shih-t'ao's ghostly writings during the years of 1965 to 1971. Although these ghostly writings have been discussed by some scholars before, they just talk about the narration in these writings. The meaning and specialty of these ghostly writings are awaited to be carried out.From 1951 to 1954, Yeh Shih-t'ao was in prison during the period of white terror. These three years in jail have a fatal impact in Yeh Shih-t'ao's life, caused him stop writing until 1965. From 1965, he continuously created novels up to 39 pieces of works till he turned to the field of Taiwanese literary criticism in 1971. The stage, from 1965 to 1971, is generally called ”the black humor period.” In addition to the naturalism works which reflected common people's life, Yeh Shih-t'ao also created the ghostly writings, include ”the legend of monastery,” ”the view of cemetery,” ”the funeral,” and ”ghost month.” Broken, strange, and fragment ”blank” is the key feature in these works, and it indicates that these works are in the state of ”unfinished” or ”unable to finish.” Besides, the settings are intensely irrational and misplaced. The images of looking and eating are spread all over the works.In this paper, I will attempt to explain what kind of vision the ghostly writings are carried out? In what kind of culture and literary field do these ghostly writings initiate? The fragmentation, ”blank,” and procrastination in ghostly writings are involved in what kind of power and action relation? How did Yeh Shih-t'ao use text space in his works to hide the lingering historical violence and ghostly haunting?

並列關鍵字

Yeh Shih-t'ao ； Ghostly Writing ； Symptomatic Reading ； Space Context ； Historical Violence ； Chinese Cultural Renaissance Movement

參考文獻

今村仁司、牛建科譯(2001)。阿圖塞：認識論的斷裂。中國北京:河北教育出版社。

七等生(2003)。七等生全集（２）我愛黑眼珠。台北:遠景出版公司。

尹雪曼編纂(1975)。中華民國文藝史。台北:正中出版社。

弗萊切、田明譯(2009)。記憶的承諾：馬克思、本雅明、德希達的歷史與政治。中國上海:華東師範大學。

吉爾‧德勒茲、費利克斯‧瓜塔里、陳永國編譯(2003)。遊牧思想─德勒茲讀本。中國長春:吉林人民出版社。