海外學習經驗好嗎？以心理資本因素探討海外學習經驗對工作績效之影響

海外學習經驗好嗎？研究根據Robbins（2001）提出壓力源對工作績效影響之觀點，探討大學時期擁有海外學習經驗與否之學生，其挫折容忍力與自我復原力之差異，進一步分析海外學習經驗在挑戰型壓力源與阻礙型壓力源對工作績效之影響是否有調節效果。研究以全職工作者實施問卷調查法，發出450份問卷，回收有效問卷411份，有效回收率91.33%，藉由T檢定、階層迴歸分析進行檢驗。研究結果顯示，擁有海外學習經驗與否在自我復原力及挫折容忍力上皆具顯著差異性；挑戰型工作壓力源會正向影響工作績效；阻礙型工作壓力源會負向影響工作績效；挫折容忍力對挑戰型工作壓力源與工作績效具干擾效果；自我復原力對阻礙型工作壓力源與工作績效具干擾效果。依據研究結果，建議學生在學期間透參與海外學習，吸取跨文化經驗健全心理資本，強化自我軟實力與專業知識、技能之硬實力，海外學習經驗對學生的價值觀與工作經驗而言，除了具正面影響外，亦能提升其工作抗壓力並帶來績效轉換的衝擊效果。

關鍵字

工作壓力源；工作績效；自我復原力；海外學習經驗；挫折容忍力

並列摘要

Debates surrounding whether overseas study experience is beneficial have been ongoing. According to the findings by Robbins (2001) on the effect of stressors on job performance, this study explored how students with overseas learning experiences during their university years and those without such experiences differ in their frustration tolerance and self-resilience. This facilitated analyzing the moderating role of overseas study experience on the effect of challenge and hindrance stressors on job performance. Of the 450 copies of a questionnaire distributed to full-time employees, 411 were returned with valid responses, constituting a valid return rate of 91.33%. The responses were examined through a t-test and hierarchical regression analysis, revealing a significant difference between employees with overseas study experiences and those without such experiences in terms of their self-resilience and frustration tolerance. Challenge stressors positively influenced job performance, whereas hindrance stressors negatively affected it. Frustration tolerance effectively moderated the relationship between challenge stressors and job performance, whereas self-resilience effectively moderated the relationship between hindrance stressors and job performance. Accordingly, students are recommended to study abroad during their school years to acquire cross-cultural experience, strengthen psychological capital, and reinforce their soft and hard power, such as professional knowledge and skills. In addition to improving students' values and job experience, overseas study experiences enhance their stress resistance at work and in turn improve their job performance.