日本式職能模型之特色與發展趨勢

The Characteristic and Development Trend of Japanese-Style Competency Model

李右婷(Yu-Ting Lee)

《東亞論壇》 450期 (2005/12) Pp. 65-80

https://doi.org/10.29705/EAR.200512.0004

摘要

日本有許多專業的研究單位，持續不斷地進行大型的研究調查與深入的個案分析，並且積極地摸索與發展「日本式職能模型」，因而可以窺知「職能」(Competency)的經營技術，受到日本企業的高度重視。考察「日本式職能模型」的發展與應用動向，可以作為台灣企業在發展職能模型時之寶貴的有用參考。為此，本研究整理與歸納日本大型研究調查的結果，從而考察與確認「日本式職能模型」的現況與發展，藉以作為台灣企業導入職能體制時的借鏡。本研究的主要結果：「職能模型」(Competency Model)，是一套能力指標系統，而職能模型的終極功用，是樹立人才的標竿與典範，從而提昇一般員工的能力與業績；職能模型的建構與應用，必須留意文化的差異性，因而日本近年來積極建構「日本式的職能模型」；日本的大企業，在2004年的職能導入率已經高達48.6%。

關鍵字

職能 ； 職能模型 ； 日本式職能模型

並列摘要

In Japan there have a lot of specialized research unit that carrying on many large-scale researches and profound case studies, especially they have actively tried to find out and develop the Japanese-Style Competency Model. Therefore, this reveals that the ”Competency” is regarded as the important management technology and is paid much attention to it by the Japanese enterprise. Investigating the development of the Japanese-Style Competency Model is fairly helpful because it may provide valuable examples from which Taiwanese enterprises can learn something while developing the Competency Model. Hence, this paper reviewed and summarized several representing Japan's large-scale researches about the ”Competency”. The main results of this study show that: (1) the Competency Model is regarded as the index system of a set of abilities, and the ultimate purpose of the Competency Model is to create the benchmark for enhancing employee's ability and achievement; (2) it requires considering the problem about the cultural difference when building and applying the Competency Model, Japan therefore has actively tried to build the Japanese-Style Competency Model in recent years; and (3) in 2004, the rate of having applied the Competency Model for bigger Japanese enterprise has already been up to 48.6%.

並列關鍵字

Competency ； Competency Model ； Japanese-Style Competency Model

參考文獻

Lee, Y.T.,Wu, W.W.(2005).Development strategies for competency models.2005 Joint Conference between Taiwan and Japan on Academic Research in Management.(2005 Joint Conference between Taiwan and Japan on Academic Research in Management).:

Works Institute(2003)。コンピテンシーとは何だったのか？。Works。57，1-47。

アンダーセン(2002)。図解コンピテンシーマネジメント。東洋??出版社。

石井脩二(2001)。グローバル・スタンダードとしての新しい能力主義。日本労務学会誌。3(1)，2-11。

石井脩二(2004)。知識創造型の人材育成。中央??社。