台灣與三大國經濟關係的形成及演變

位於亞洲東邊一個地狹人稠且資源貧乏的台灣，卻能夠在二戰後發展成為一個國際經濟學者眼中的模範生，其原因及過程足以成為研究亞洲經濟的學者的重要参考。身為島國型經濟的台灣，必須仰賴大國經濟才能順利發展，而從台灣的經濟發展史也證實了日本、美國、中國是對台灣經濟影響最大的三個國家。從歷史上來看，台灣在政治及軍事上受到這些大國的欺凌及控制，但是從經濟發展上來看卻是接受這些大國的援助而成功的。綜言之，日本、美國、中國在資金、技術、市場的供給面，對台灣經濟做出了極具影響力的貢獻。本文將分析台灣如何分別自日本、美國、中國獲取有利本身的經濟發展因素並善加利用，最後和日本、美國、中國結合成為一個經貿發展架構，形成相互依存、互補關係。

關鍵字

台灣經濟；美國援助；日本援助；中國改革開放；太平洋三角

並列摘要

Although with limited land and resources and restricted by a densely-distillated population, Taiwan, situated in eastern Asia, has developed to be a model in the eyes of international economists after World War II; As well known, the island-based economy of Taiwan has to rely on big country economy in order to develop smoothly. Moreover, Taiwan's economy development also proves that Japan, US, and China are the three big countries to affect Taiwan's economy. From a historical perspective, Taiwan had been offended and controlled by these big countries politically and militarily; but in perspective of economy development, Taiwan succeeded after accepting assistances from these big countries. Japan, US, and China have made the most influential contribution to Taiwan's economy in provision of capital, technology and market. This paper discusses how Taiwan acquired favorable economic development resources from the three countries, respectively, utilized these resources, and finally been integrated into an economic development framework, which resulted in interdependent and complementary relationship.