Growth Responses and Changes of Active Components as Influenced by Elevations and Orchid Mycorrhizae on Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata

台灣金線連於不同海拔地區接種蘭菌後其生長發育及有效成分之變化

鄭淑芬(Shu-Fen Cheng) ； 張喜寧(Doris Chi-Ning Chang)

《Botanical Studies》 50卷4期 (2009/10) Pp. 459-466

摘要

於台大（海拔10公尺）、新店（海拔500公尺）、五峰（海拔1000公尺）等三個不同海拔地區以塑膠袋栽培法(PBCM)，種植接種絲核菌屬蘭菌R02及R04之B及R等兩種不同品系的台灣金線連，栽培七個月，結果顯示以塑膠袋套袋栽培法栽培之所有臺灣金線連組培苗，於出瓶後其成活率均在80%以上，且可顯著提高植株產量，及不需施用任何化學農藥，假使台灣金線連不是利用塑膠袋培法(PBCM)栽種，則在溫室中栽培3-4個月後，每1-2個星期若不進行殺蟲劑與殺菌劑的噴施，則所有植株將會死亡，和傳統栽培方法相比較，則可縮短栽培期1-2個月。其中種植於五峰，且接種蘭菌之植株生長最佳，鮮重亦較對照組高，B品種則以接種蘭菌R04，R品種以接種蘭菌R02可顯著促進生長。種植於台大之台灣金線連B及R兩品系均以接種R02之菌根植株有較高的總酚類及保肝活性成分AFEE之含量。以TEAC的方法分析測試其抗氧化能力，結果顯示大部分菌根植株較非菌根植株爲高。本研究結果證實塑膠袋栽培法爲一非常省工（可省下栽培期間之所有灌溉與施肥之人力），且不需噴施任何殺蟲劑及殺菌劑等化學藥劑即可大量生產臺灣金線連之有效方法，接種蘭菌R02及R04可顯著增加台灣金線連的產量，並提高抗氧化能力及保肝成分之含量。

關鍵字

台灣金線連 ； 抗氧化能力 ； 保肝成分 ； 蘭菌 ； 總酚類含量 ； 塑膠袋栽培法

並列摘要

Two micropropagated lines, B and R, of Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata, were separately inoculated with orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF), Rhizoctonia sp. R02 [a bi-nucleated isolate of Rhizoctonia sp. (Ceratobasidium sp. AG-A)] and R04 [a multi-nuclei isolate of Rhizoctonia solani, AG-6], and grown by plastic bag cultivation method (PBCM) at three elevations above sea level, including National Taiwan University (NTU, 10 m elevation), Xindian (500 m elevation) and Wufong (1,000 m elevation) for seven months. Results showed that the survival rates for ex vitro growth were more than 80%, and plant production was significantly increased and there was no need to apply any agrichemical. If this orchid was not grown by PBCM, then after 3-4 months of cultivation, all plants would die if pesticide or fungicide were not sprayed for every one or two weeks in greenhouse, and the cultivation period was shortened to 1-2 months compared with traditional cultured method. Plants grew in Wufong achieved the best growth performance among three elevations, the fresh weight of mycorrhizal A. formosanus was significantly higher than the non-mycorrhizal (NM) control. In Wufong, R04 showed better growth-enhanced effect on line B, while R02 stimulated growth enhancement for line R. For both lines of A. formosanus cultivated at National Taiwan University (NTU), R02 inoculated plants contained higher level of phenolic compounds and hepatoprotective agent AFEE (A. formosanus extraction with ethyl acetate) compared with the non-mycorrhizal (NM) control. Analyses and measurements of antioxidant capacity by Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) showed that most of the antioxidant index of mycorrhizal plants were significantly higher than the non-mycorrhizal control. PBCM was proven to be a very labour saving, i.e. this cultural method can save all the human cost of irrigation and fertilization during the rest of cultivation period, and this is an effective method for mass production of agrichemical free A. formosanus plants. Inoculation of orchid mycorrhizal fungi such as R02 or R04 can significantly increase the production of this orchid with higher antioxidant capacity and hepatoprotective agent content for medicinal use.

並列關鍵字

Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata ； Antioxidation capacity ； Hepatoprotective agent ； Orchid mycorrhizal fungi OMF ； Phenolic compounds ； Plastic bag cultivation method PBCM