不同家庭背景幼兒的家庭數學經驗與數學能力差異之研究

The Differences in Home Mathematical Experiences and Mathematics Abilities among Kindergarteners with Different Demographic Characteristics

張麗芬(Li-Fen Chang) ； 鄒宜庭(Yi-Ting Tzou)

《兒童與教育研究》 14期 (2019/08) Pp. 1-45

摘要

本研究的目的在探討不同家庭背景（家長的教育程度、家庭月收入）的幼兒，其家庭數學經驗及數學能力的差異，並了解幼兒的家庭數學經驗與數學能力的關係。本研究以103位大班幼兒為研究對象，分別以「幼兒家庭數學經驗調查表」及「幼兒數與運算能力測驗」測量幼兒的家庭數學經驗及數學能力。結果發現，首先，教育程度愈高的家長提供給幼兒的數學經驗多於教育程度低的家長；但不同收入的家庭所提供的數學經驗並沒有差異。其次，除了計數能力之外，教育程度愈高的家長其子女的各項數學能力皆優於教育程度低的家長之子女。中、高收入家庭幼兒的數學能力優於低收入家庭的幼兒。第三，除了計數能力之外，家庭數學經驗與幼兒的數字系統知識、數字關係、應用問題、計算問題、及整體數學能力有中度正相關。

關鍵字

家庭數學經驗 ； 數學能力

並列摘要

This study examined the differences in home mathematical experiences and mathematics abilities among kindergarteners with different demographic characteristics, and investigated the relations between kindergarteners' home mathematical experiences and their mathematics abilities. One hundred and three kindergarteners and their parents were recruited. Parents completed a home activity questionnaire, Young Children's Home Mathematical Experiences Questionnaire. Kindergarteners' mathematical abilities were assessed individually by the Test of Early Number and Operations. The results showed, first, that parents who had higher educational level reported a higher frequency of home mathematical experiences than parents who had lower educational level. The middle- and upper-income families had more home mathematical experiences than lower-income families. Second, kindergarteners with higher paternal and maternal education outperformed kindergarteners with lower paternal and maternal education. Kindergarteners from middle- and upper-income families also outperformed kindergarteners from lower-income families. Third, kindergarteners' home mathematical experiences were positively related to their knowledge of numerical system, number relations, word problem solving, and arithmetic abilities, except counting skills.

並列關鍵字

home mathematical experiences ； mathematics abilities