中藥萃取液對數種果樹病原菌之抑菌作用及對桃果褐腐病及枇杷灰斑病之防治效果上之應用性

The Effects of Chinese Herb Extracts on Preventing Fruit Diseases Caused by Botryosphaeria Dothidea、Glomerella Cingulata、Pestalotia Funerea and Monilinia Fructicola

柯勇(Yeong Ko) ； 陳世雄(Shih-Shiung Chen) ； 黃倉海(Chang-Hai Huang) ； 吳季玲(Chi-Lin Wu)

《明道學術論壇》 6卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 89-99

https://doi.org/10.6953/MJ.201003.0088

摘要

本實驗針對中藥材萃取物抑制果樹病害病原菌之分生孢子發芽為研究主題，包括梨輪紋病菌Botryosphaeria dothidea、芒果炭疽病菌Glomerella cingulata、枇杷灰斑病菌Pestalotia funerea及桃褐腐病菌Monilinia fructicola等四種病原真菌。於供試之1種中藥材中，濃度皆為1％（w／v）之丁香、肉桂、雄黃和龍膽草對梨輪紋病菌之分生孢子發芽率，分別具有98.8％、88.0％、87.9％、及87.4％之抑制效果。濃度各為1％（w／v）之龍膽草、雄黃、丁香和龍腦對芒果炭疽病菌之生孢子發芽率，分別有100％、97.4％、94.9％及91.5％的抑制效果。而濃度各為1％（w／v）之丁香、雄黃、肉桂及龍膽草對枇杷灰斑病菌分生孢子發芽之抑制效果為91.0－94.2％。濃度均為1％（w／v）之桂枝、丁香、知母對桃褐腐病菌分生孢子發芽均可達100％的抑制效果，而肉桂、雄黃和遠志則分別可達99.8％、97.2％和95.6％的抑制效果。在室內之摘離葉或摘離果試驗中，1％和0.1％（w／v）之遠志和1％和0.1％（w／v）之雄黃對桃褐腐病病斑病原感染之抑制效果極為顯著；而1％和0.1％（w／v）之雄黃對枇杷灰斑病病原之感染亦有顯著的抑制效果。

關鍵字

中藥 ； 果樹病害防治 ； 梨輪紋病 ； 枇杷灰斑病 ； 芒果炭疽病 ； 桃褐腐病

並列摘要

Nineteen kinds of Chinese herbs were tested for their inhibitory effectiveness against conidial germination of Botryosphaeria dothidea, Glomerella cingulata, Pestalotia funerea, and Monilinia fructicola . The above causal agents caused pear ringrot, mango anthracnose, grey leaf spot of loquat, and peach brown rot, respectively. The following series of these tests proved the suppression of conidial germination.1％ (w/v) of flos caryophyllata, cassiabark, orpiment, and gentian extracts demonstrated 98.8％, 88.0％, 87.9％, and 87.4％ suppression of Botryosphaeria dothidea, respectively. 1％ (w/v) of gentian, orpiment, flos caryophyllata, and borneol extracts demonstrated 100％, 97.4％, 94.7％, and 91.5％ suppression of Glomerella cingulata , respectively. 1％ (w/v) of flos caryophyllata, orpiment, cassiabark, and gentian extracts demonstrated 91.0-94.2％ suppression of Pestalotia funerea . 1％ (w/v) of cassia twig, flos caryophyllata, and common anemarrhena rhizome extracts demonstrated 100％ inhibition of Monilinia fructicola . Also, cassiabark, orpiment and radix polygalae extracts demonstrated 99.8％, 97.2％, and 95.6％ inhibition of Monilinia fructicola , respectively. The results of detached-leaf or detached-fruit tests indicated that 1％ (w/v) and 0.1％ (w/v) of radix polygalae and orpiment extracts showed significant inhibition of Monilinia fructicola infection and the latter also showed significant inhibition of Pestalotia funereal infection.

並列關鍵字

Chinese herb ； disease control ； pear ringrot ； mango anthracnose ； loquat grey leaf spot ； peach brown rot