投資大陸區位選擇與制度環境模式對台商投資影響之研究—兼論台商經營困境與因應之道

The Empirical Study on the Impact to Taiwan Firms in China via Location Choice and Institutional Environment Mode on Investment (2002-2011)

趙永祥(Yuang- Shiang Chao)

《全球管理與經濟》 8卷2期 (2012/12) Pp. 98-132

https://doi.org/10.6565/JGME.2012.8(2).7

摘要

本文認為新制度理論視角將為影響區位選擇因素的理解做出貢獻。首先，雖然現有關於影響外資投資區位選擇因素的研究已有涉及到制度因素，如政策因素、文化因素、政治穩定和政治風險，但缺乏一個完整分析制度環境對投資區位選擇影響的框架。因此，本文將嘗試為制度環境影響區位選擇提供一個分析框架。第二，以往對區位選擇因素的研究均從降低成本或追求最大利潤的角度出發，本文將從獲取”合法性”角度分析影響區位選擇的制度因素。在本研究中，我們以台商投資大陸為例，檢驗制度環境因素對大陸台商直接投資的影響對中國大陸外國直接投資區位選擇的研究可分為兩類，即企業調查和經濟計量分析（魏後凱）。另一方面，大陸台商直接投資在東道國內部區位選擇的研究是經濟地理與區域經濟研究的熱點問題，但現有研究往往只關注經濟因素而忽略了制度因素。本研究採用新制度理論的視角，提出了制度環境影響台商投資區位選擇的分析框架。實證研究結果表明制度因素是影響台商區位選擇的重要因素。規制性制度和規範性制度環境的完善程度對台商投資有顯著的正面影響。再者，台商投資區位選擇還受到認知性制度的影響，台商選擇投資區位時會參考其他台商的選擇，當台商眾集度比較低時，台商聚集有利於提高合法性並吸引新台商投資，但是，當聚集度過高時，反而阻礙了新台商的進入。

關鍵字

區位選擇 ； 制度因素 ； 台商投資

並列摘要

In this research, we choose Taiwanese firms investing in China for example. According to the inspection system of environmental factors on the impact of direct investment from Taiwan firms, there had two important factors, one is location choice, the other is institutional environment. FDI in China can be divided into two categories, namely business surveys and econometric analysis, on the other hand, direct investment of Taiwan firms in China often consider to select good location in host country's internal economic geography. According to regional economic research hotspot issues, existing studies tend to focus on economic factors, whereas ignoring the institutional factors. A new system theory perspective of the analytical framework of the institutional environment affects Taiwan firms in the location choice of investment zone. Furthermore, regulatory system and the degree of the normative institutional environment for Taiwan firms to invest also affect the performance. From our significant empirical results show that institutional factors are played important factors affecting the location choice of Taiwan firms. Moreover, Taiwan firms' investment location choice is also influenced by the cognitive system. Therefore, investment location choice, whenever Taiwan firms gathered relatively low, it's a good chance to gather to invest and to enter into China market to run via the legitimacy, whereas, when gathered too high, it will lead to hinder Taiwan firms' entry willingness to enter into China.

並列關鍵字

Location Choice ； Institutional Environment Mode ； Taiwan Firms' Investmen