台商企業生產工廠關鍵性遷移因素之研究

The Study of Manufacturing Factory Key Transfer Factors in Taiwan Oversea Industry

呂奇臨(Chi-Lin Ru) ； 李英蘭(In-Lana Lee)

《全球管理與經濟》 11卷1期 (2015/06) Pp. 71-79

https://doi.org/10.6565/JGME.2015.11(1).5

摘要

本研究以投資區位特性及廠商特性二者來探討台商企業生產工廠轉移的因素，並以資源基礎理論作為本研究的理論基礎。經由檢視製造基地的移動，人工成本並非是製造基地外移的單一關鍵性因素，其他轉移因素包括能提供充裕人力來建構龐大產能、工廠規模可以提供產品量產能力、勞工工作時間彈性大、供應鏈日趨完整等因素；而使得工廠能夠迅速調整生產規模來因應市場需求。所以，本研究探討台商企業在生產環境劇變下如何進行生產基地轉移時所考量的關鍵性因素有那些。本研究透過文獻探討及台商訪談分析，獲致研究結論為：生產基地關鍵性遷移因素有地區風險認知、生產人力成本、生產人力取得難易度、產品製程標準化程度、投資地區熟悉度以及國際化策略佈局與動機等；但是就台商生產基地轉移時重要之考量因素則為：地區風險認知、生產人力成本、生產人力取得難易度、投資地區熟悉度以及生產人力素質等。再依據研究結論，提出建議如下：進行生產基地移轉時必頇達到規模經濟；與當地政府建立良好關係；積極強化產品品質控制能力與及早部署及進入東協國家建立生產基地；以及台商企業進行海外投資設廠時，必頇優先考量投資區為之選擇。

關鍵字

生產工廠 ； 台商企業 ； 關鍵性遷移因素

並列摘要

This study explores the factors for the relocation of manufacturing factories for Taiwanese Oversea Industry from the characteristics of the investment location and the companies, and this study will theoretically follow a resource-based view. Through examination of the relocation of manufacturing factories, the cost of human resources is not the single key transfer factor for relocation of these factories; other transfer factors include adequate human resource for large production needs, factory scale for mass-production capabilities, flexibility of labor hours, and the completeness of the supply chain. This allows factories to quickly adjust their production scale to respond to market needs. Therefore, this study explores the key transfer factors that Taiwanese Oversea industry consider while performing relocation of manufacturing factories under drastic changes of production environments. This study obtains the following research conclusion through literature review and interviews with Taiwanese entrepreneurs: Key transfer factors for manufacturing factories include understanding of area risks, cost of production human resources, ease of obtaining human resources, degrees of production standardization, familiarity with investment location and international strategy and motives. However, the important transfer factors that Taiwanese Oversea Industry considers are: understanding of area risks, human resource costs, ease of obtaining human resources, familiarity with investment location and quality of human resources. Based on research conclusions, we recommend that: certain economic level must be achieved before transferring manufacturing factories; good relationship needs to be established with local governments; aggressively strengthening capability for controlling product quality and establish manufacturing bases as early as possible. In addition, when Taiwanese entrepreneurs invest overseas, they must prioritize location of investment.

並列關鍵字

Manufacturing Factory ； Taiwan Oversea Industry ； Key Transfer Factors