從資源基礎理論觀點分析人力資本對績效影響之研究

The Moderate Effects of Resource-based View on Human Capital and Performance

李嫺柔(Shian-Rou Lee) ； 陳慧婷(Huey-Ting Chen) ； 楊雅棠(Ya-Tang Yang)

《全球管理與經濟》 14卷2期 (2018/12) Pp. 107-121

https://doi.org/10.6565/JGME.201812_14(2).0006

摘要

企業的競爭優勢決定其經營績效，因此管理者必須清楚了解資源如何配置以及如何執行才能真正的有利於公司績效，以往學者在人力資本對績效之研究結果多從初級資料角度進行研究，因此本研究試圖從次級資料角度研究人力資本與績效之關係，而行銷及研發能力同屬企業重要資源，再從資源基礎理論觀點以干擾變數的角度研究行銷及研發能力對人力資本與績效之影響。實證結果顯示，高人力資本之公司有較好的ROA表現獲得支持，高人力資本的公司有較好的ROE表現獲得支持，高人力資本的公司在高行銷費用的公司會降低ROA表現，獲得支持，高人力資本的公司在高行銷費用的公司會降低ROE表現獲得支持，高人力資本的公司在高研發費用的公司有較好的ROA表現獲得支持，高人力資本的公司在高研發費用的公司有較好的ROE表現獲得支持。因此本研究結果對企業經營管理實務者及未來研究者在企業經營及管理者培育上具有參考價值。

關鍵字

人力資本 ； 資源基礎理論 ； 績效

並列摘要

Business management performance is positively influential to its competitive advantage and the resources allocation is critical to the managers to keep satisfying management performance. Existing findings about the influence of human capital on business performance are basically findings from survey researches with individual unit of analysis (UOA) and the present study is implemented from analyzing second-hand data to form a macro profile of the relationship between human capital and business performance with a corporate-level UOA. From the theoretical view of resource-based perspective, marketing and R&D capabilities are both valuable resources to business. The present research aims to examine the relationship between human capital and business performance, and furthermore introduce business’s marketing and R&D inputs to examine their moderating effects respectively. Empirical findings support the hypotheses that business with high human capital positively correlated to its return on assets (ROA) and that business with high human capital that positively correlated to its return on equity (ROE) as well. Moreover, business with high human capital and high marketing expenditure would negatively moderate the relationship between human capital and ROA. i.e., high marketing expenditure weakens the effect of human capital on ROA. However, the moderating effect caused by R&D expenditure shows the opposite pattern to that of marketing effect. i.e., R&D expenditure strengthens even more the positive relationship between human capital and ROE. The above findings could be beneficial to the business management staff and for further study on the business management and resources allocation decisions.

並列關鍵字

Human Capital ； Resource-Based Theory ； Business Performance