柔道抓襟技術訓練法之訪談研究

柔道抓襟技術為比賽中決定勝負之重要因素。為了解國內國高中階段柔道教練對於抓襟技術的訓練方法，本研究以訪談法蒐集五名現任國高中柔道教練對於抓襟技術的訓練理念和訓練方式。以訪談綱要搭配半結構性訪談以及抓襟訓練活動的錄影進行資料蒐集，並進行資料的質性整理分析。結果歸納五名國高中柔道教練對於抓襟技術的訓練有以下幾項要點：1.需建立選手抓襟技術的正確概念。2.循序漸進的安排訓練活動，先明確指導各種抓襟方式，再以開放式的模擬比賽來強化其靈活應用能力。3.以限制性的訓練活動來協助選手掌握關鍵的訊息。4.訓練選手在最快的時間內正確抓握到有利的位置。5.抓襟位置和動作要能與接下來的攻擊動作有所連貫。6.教練需透過訓練活動與觀察即時修正與調整動作。訪談結果除了重點歸納之外，也從動力系統取向之知覺動作觀點加以討論。

關鍵字

柔道；抓襟；知覺動作；工作限制

並列摘要

Gripping is one of the most important skills that effects the result in Judo competition. To understand the training methods used by the Judo coaches in high school, the presented study collected the ideas and methods of training gripping skills by interviewing 5 high school Judo coaches. The coaches participated were given the semi structured interviews under the interviewing outline. The training activities of these coaches' teams were also cam-cording. The collected data was analysis via qualitative research approach. The ideas and methods about training gripping skills of participated coaches were inducted into the following conclusions. 1. It is necessary for athletes to build the corrected concept of grips. 2. Arrange the training activities step by step in which to guide the ways of grips firstly then to strength the flexibility of application by simulated competition. 3. Assist the athletes to master the key information by using constraint in training activities. 4. Ask the athletes to grip the corrected position as fast as possible. 5. The positions athletes gripped should connecte to the attacking movements followed. 6. Through monitoring, coaches should adjust the errors in athletes' movement when it happened via training activities. In addition to induct the results of interview, the discussion in terms of the viewpoint of perception-action base on dynamical system approach was proposed.