籃球運動傷害流行病學分析與預防策略

Epidemiology Analysis and Prevention Strategies of Basketball Injury

許晉哲(Chin-Che Hsu) ； 劉錦謀(Chin-Mou Liu) ； 林正常(Jung-Charng Lin)

《運動教練科學》 63期 (2021/09) Pp. 35-46

https://doi.org/10.6194/SCS.202109_(63).0004

摘要

籃球是世界上最多人喜歡的運動之一。本文目的，在探討傷害的流行病學與防範策略，期能降低傷害的發生，維護球員的身心健康。如以每1,000球員曝露為單位，與男球員比較，女球員有較高的損傷發生率（Women's National Basketball Association [WNBA]: 24.9/1,000 athlete exposure [AE]; National Basketball Association [NBA]: 19.3/1,000AE）。踝關節扭傷是傷害之首，其次是膝部，綜合而言，下肢有最多的傷害發生。比賽時的傷害發生率高於訓練，尤其在禁區，並且身體衝撞是最主要的傷害原因。建議應從青少年開始發展防範，扎實的平衡訓練、本體感覺訓練、髖傷害預防訓練、神經肌肉訓練，以及跳躍與著地技巧訓練，皆是有效防範籃球運動害的策略，應融入日常訓練之中。

關鍵字

膝關節內部障礙 ； 發生率 ； 預防手段

並列摘要

Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the world and its related injuries occur from time to time. The purpose of this literature review is to explore the epidemiology of basketball injuries and their prevention strategies, aiming to reduce the occurrence of injuries and to promote the physical and mental health of players. When the unit expressed as incidence in every 1,000 athlete exposure, compared with male players, female players have a higher incidence (Women's National Basketball Association [WNBA]: 24.9/1,000 athlete exposure [AE]; National Basketball Association [NBA]: 19.3/1,000AE). Ankle sprain is the most prevalent injury, followed by knees, and lower limbs have the most injuries in general. The injury occurrence during the game is higher than that during practice. It also indicated that in the penalty area, body collision is the main cause of injury. We recommended that the training for injury prevention should be developed from young player, which including balance training, proprioception training, hip injury prevention training, neuromuscular training, and jumping and landing technique training are all effective strategies to prevent basketball damage and should be integrated into daily training.

並列關鍵字

internal derangement of knee ； incidence ； inoculation measures

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