活動治療在長期照護機構中的功能

The Function of Activity Therapy in Long-Term Care Institutions

侯青雲(Ching-Yun Hou)

《臺灣老人保健學刊》 1卷2期 (2005/12) Pp. 43-51

https://doi.org/10.29797/TJGHR.200512.0004

摘要

根據行政院經建會統計資料顯示1993年台灣的老人人口已達7%，即所謂已進入「高齡化社會」，且依據經建會預估由7%上升至14%的「高齡社會」只需25年，由此推估台灣將於2020年將邁入「高齡社會」。在台灣大部份的老人由於受到風俗民情的影響，都不願意居住到安養護機構，但因隨著時代潮流的改變，使得家庭結構產生了很大的變化，因此有許多的老人必須很無奈的被安排到安養護機構來安渡晚年。研究指出老人在養護機構適應情形中發現，由於機構式照護是屬於團體式照護，老人必須揮別他過去所擁有的支持體系及熟悉的生活環境，而重新適應一個新的生活環境及生活方式（陳明珍，2002）。長期照護機構大多著重於老人身體的照顧及日常生活活動的協助，較少注重老人心靈及社會的需求，尤其小型機構中較欠缺活動及社交的安排，很容易導致住民身體功能快速退化。本文主旨在於加強機構中的工作人員能藉由考量老人活動能力及身體功能的限制，設計適當的治療性活動，將可促進老人的身體功能、與他人的互動、心理健康及機構內的調適，亦能提昇其晚年的生活品質。

關鍵字

長期照護 ； 活動治療 ； 高齡社會

並列摘要

According the statistics data of Executive Yuan, the senior population will arrive 7% in 1993 in Taiwan, which so-called elderly society. Financial Development Seminar estimates that the senior society will increase to 14% from 7% within 25 years, and Taiwan is going to be a senior society in 2020. Because of the different culture from the western society, the elderly people in Taiwan are not willing to live in senior homes. With the changes in trend and customs, there's a huge change in social structure. A lot of seniors will be sent to senior homes unwillingly and to spend the rest of their lives there. Researches show the institutional care is group care; therefore, seniors will have to give up the supports & living quality they used to have and get used to a new place and life style. Most long-term care institutions focus on seniors' health and the helps on daily exercises, only some of them focus on seniors' emotional & social needs, especially small institutions are usually lack of activities and socializing events. This often would increase the speed of aging. The purpose of this article is to strengthen the staffs to design appropriate therapy sessions according to the seniors' limited abilities and body functions. This will help their body function, interaction with others, psychological health, adjusting themselves in the institution as well as increasing their living quality in their elderly years.

並列關鍵字

Activity therapy ； long-term care ； senior society