老人養護機構照護提供者工作壓力與健康初探

A Study on the Job Stress and the Health Status of the Staff in Long Term Care Facilities

杜麗珍(Li-Chan Toh) ； 林藍萍(Lan-Ping Lin) ； 林金定(Jin-Ding Lin)

《臺灣老人保健學刊》 3卷2期 (2007/12) Pp. 73-82

https://doi.org/10.29797/TJGHR.200712.0004

摘要

目的：本研究主要目的乃在探討老人養護機構照護提供者之自覺健康情形及其與工作壓力間之關係，進而探究工作壓力程度之高低是否與個人特質或健康狀況之間有所差異。方法：立意取樣選取為台北市4家老人養護機構56名主要照護者為研究對象，採結構式問卷進行調查，問卷包含個人資料、簡易工作壓力量表及SF-36兩大部分：壓力量表主要是用來測量照護者的工作壓力來源；而工作壓力有時又與自覺健康情形有關，故使用SF-36來評估照護者本身的身心健康狀態。本研究的研究目的為探討老人機構照護者工作壓力狀況與自覺健康狀況的相關影響因子。結果：照護者性別對其自身生理健康面向有顯著相關，宗教信仰及在職訓練則對心理面向會產生顯著影響。自覺健康狀況與美國以及台灣地區一般民眾自覺健康情形在比較上，以SF-36生理健康與心理健康的各個構面分數上，本研究與台灣常模差異性並不大，但低於美國常模。結論：機構照護者長期在高工作壓力的環境中工作，對其健康將造成負面影響，因此機構經營者應該重視此議題，以促進照護者的健康。

關鍵字

老人養護機構 ； 照護提供者 ； 工作壓力 ； 健康 ； SF36

並列摘要

Aims: The aims of the present study are to examine the relationship between job stress and health status of the staffs in long term care facilities for the elderly. Methods: A structure questionnaire was used for sampling 4 institutions in Taipei. Data were collected by self reported questionnaire by the respondents during October to December, 2007. The questionnaire included two major parts: simplified work stress questionnaire and SF-36. Simplified work stress questionnaire is used to measure the work-based stressors of the institutional staffs. Moreover, the job stress has direct influences on the specific institutional staffs' health status. As a result, we use SF-36 to examine the institutional staffs' health status. Results: We found that gender was statistically associated to physical health, the religious status and on-job-training correlated to the mental health of the respondents. Compared with self-reported health status of American and the general population of Taiwanese, this study showed that there is no statistical difference between Taiwanese norms while significantly lower than American norms. Conclusions: The study highlights that the mental health of the institutional staff is an important issue, the administrators or policymakers should take more attention on this issue to improve the wellbeing of the staff.

並列關鍵字

Job stress ； self-reported health status ； institutional staffs ； long term care facilities ； SF36