老人安養機構住民飲食品質與代謝症候群指標之研究

Study of Diet Quality and Metabolic Syndrome among Elderly People Living in Institutions

詹世華(Shih-Hwa Jan) ； 李宗派(Isaiah C. Lee)

《臺灣老人保健學刊》 5卷2期 (2009/12) Pp. 140-162

https://doi.org/10.29797/TJGHR.200912.0005

摘要

本研究之主要目的在瞭解老人安養機構住民飲食品質及罹患代謝症候群之現況，以及兩者之相關性。研究者選擇住民共122人，使用飲食頻率問卷和台北縣市老人免費健康檢查生化等資料，飲食品質則是採李美璇研發團隊發展的全面飲食指標修正版(ODI-R)之計分方式。評量老人安養機構住民飲食狀況，發現五穀根莖類的攝取情況較佳，但是蔬菜、水果類以及蛋豆魚肉類攝取情況較不理想。整體而言，本研究代謝症候群盛行率33.6%，高於2002年全國性代謝症候群普查50歲以上者21.0-32.8%。飲食品質總分範圍為43.77-95.00，平均數為73.77，標準差為10.19。飲食品質總分「ODI-Rs」與「血壓」、「三酸甘油酯」的相關係數皆達顯著水準(r=-.19,-.26)，代表受訪者在「ODI-Rs」的分數越高，「血壓」與「三酸甘油酯」越傾向無異常。本研究結果可作為安養與療養機構住民飲食營養諮詢與營養教育介入的參考資料。以有代謝症候群之住民為優先考量對象，提昇其飲食營養照顧的服務品質，以及住民的自我照顧技能，預防罹患代謝症候群或控制延緩疾病的惡化，落實提高機構住民之飲食品質及促進健康生活型態。

關鍵字

老人 ； 安養機構 ； 飲食品質 ； 代謝症候群

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to understand the status of dietary quality against metabolic syndrome, and the relationship of dietary quality versus metabolic syndrome for the institutionlized elderly. Also, probe into the affecting factors to their dietary quality. Investigation tools include: cross-sectional analysis, Dietary frequency survey, 3-day dietary records, residence basic data, and the health testing report and so on. Dietary Qulity use the scoring method by Lee Mei-Shuang Overall Dietary Indication, revised version ODI-R. The evaluation of those institutionlized elderly indicates that the consumption of grains, plant stem and roots are sufficient. But worse in the consumption of vegetable, fruit, bean and the meats. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 33.6% is higher than 2002 national general investigation at 21.0-32.8. Dietary Quality scoring at 43.77-95.00, mean is 73.77, Standard deviation is 10.19. The Relation Factor for Dietary Quality scoring ”ODI-Rs” with ”Blood Pressure” and ”Tri-glycerides” is reach significant level (r=-19, -26). Which indicate the relevance of ”ODI-Rs” with these 2 variances. And the minus Relation Factor indicate the individuals the higher ”ODI-Rs” the less extraordinary blood pressure and tri-glyceride. The factors impact Dietary Quality is various. Individuals who have better dietary quality are: female (against male), Fuken origin (against Mainland origin), 85 year-old over (against younger ones), and who are higher educated. This study is attempted to provide a basis for the institutes in use of nutritional consultation and advisory. We suggest to prioritize the individual suffer from Metabolic Syndrome, providing better intensive dietary care, as well their self-management skill. It is benefitial to eliminate, postpone or deteriorate the suffering of Metabolic Syndrome. Moreover, carry out healthier and life quality promotion.

並列關鍵字

Elderly ； institution ； dietary quality ； Metabolic Syndrome