影響我國罹患糖尿病女性老人自我照顧行爲之因素探討：以2002國民健康調查資料爲例

A Study on the Factors on Self-Care Behavior for the Elderly Women with Diabetes Mellitus by Using the 2002 National Health Survey Dataset

張司聿(Shih-Yu Chang) ； 李孟芬(Meng-Fan Li)

《臺灣老人保健學刊》 6卷1期 (2010/06) Pp. 48-76

https://doi.org/10.29797/TJGHR.201006.0004

摘要

糖尿病的發生率會隨著年齡漸增，我國65歲以上老年人的盛行率高達百分之二十。老年糖尿病經診斷大多數為第二型糖尿病，女性老人正是第二型糖尿病的高危險群，所以女性老人糖尿病的自我照顧行為亦顯得重要。本研究旨在探討我國65歲以上罹患糖尿病女性老人之自我照顧行為的差異情形，並進一步瞭解其影響因素為何，以作為照顧罹患糖尿病女性老人之參考。研究設計採橫斷式次級資料分析，研究資料取自行政院衛生署國民健康局的「九十一年臺灣地區國民健康促進知識、態度與行為調查」的資料庫，以描述性統計方法：次數、百分比、標準差分析罹患糖尿病女性老人的個人基本特質及其在自我照顧行為（含固持醫囑行為及自主管理行為）的分布情形，並利用推論性統計方法：t-test、ANOVA、Multiple regression做進一步的分析。研究結果發現固持醫囑行為的重要預測因子為居住在城市、與他人同住、有糖尿病護照且常使用者。自主管理行為的重要預測因子為居住在城市、有糖尿病護照且常使用者。自我照顧行為的重要預測因子為居住在城市、有糖尿病護照且常使用者。研究建議對罹患糖尿病女性老人的照顧，固持醫囑固然重要，但更應朝提供支持性環境及資源，加強其自主管理的部份，促進其自我照顧行為的動機及能力。

關鍵字

糖尿病 ； 女性老人 ； 固持醫囑行為 ； 自主管理行為 ； 自我照顧行為

並列摘要

The incidence of diabetes increases with age. In Taiwan, the prevalence of diabetes in people over 65 is at an astounding rate of 20%. Elderly diabetes is mostly diagnosed as Type 2, and elderly women are particularly prone to the disease. Therefore, adequate knowledge in self-care for elderly women with diabetes is very important. The purpose of this study is to understand the difference in self-care behavior among women 65 years old and up with diabetes mellitus, and to inquire into the factors that influence self-care behavior. This study employs a cross-sectional survey. The data was drawn from the 2002 National Survey on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice collected by Health Promotion of the Bureau of Health Promotion in the Department of Health in Taiwan. Using a sample of 387 subjects, the data was analyzed via frequency ratio and standard deviation to describe the distribution of the demographic's characteristics and self-care situation. t-test and one-way ANOVA analyse were run to examine the relation between the demographic's characteristics and self-care behavior. In order to clarify the relative contribution of these variables, a multiple regression analyse was conducted. The results reveal that the important predictors of adherence behavior were residing in cities, living with another person and possessing an diabetes identification card. These characteristics are also the important indicators of self-management behavior. Finally, the subjects who reside in cities and hold diabetes identification cards have also practiced good self-care management behavior. This study recommends that although adherence behavior plays an important role in health care of diabetic elderly women, we should promote supportive environments and social resources and emphasize self-care management behavior to improve the ability and motivations of self-care behavior.

並列關鍵字

Diabetes ； elderly women ； adherence behavior ； self-management behavior ； self-care behavior