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運用行為治療於思覺失調症病人之護理經驗

How Behavioral Therapy Used to Improve Violent Behaviors of Schizophrenia Patient

摘要


本文運用行為治療技巧改善一位思覺失調症病人之暴力搶奪、自我照顧能力缺失與社交活動障礙的護理經驗。病人因病反覆發作,自我照顧功能退化、行為混亂、暴力搶奪、隨地大小便、重複穿髒衣服、拒絕漱洗,嚴重造成病友驚嚇、傷害及不滿。自2013年4月10日至2013年6月7日,運用五大層面整體性評估,確立病人有潛在危險性暴力行為、自我照顧能力缺失、社交活動障礙、家庭因應能力失調等健康問題。筆者評估病人的問題行為,可以簡單對話、清楚區辨人我物品,有學習能力,並透過實證文獻支持「運用正向增強法可以減少精神病人暴力行為」,進而整合醫療團隊及家屬,共同執行行為治療;藉由重複提醒目標行為及提供增強物,強化病人辨識目標行為,貫徹一致性態度,能有效減少病人暴力搶奪行為。

並列摘要


The purpose of this article was trying to apply behavioral therapy to improve violent behaviors of a patient with schizophrenia from the 10^th of April, 2013 to the 7^th of June, 2013. We have evaluated the fore-mentioned patient from five major aspects through collecting their behavioral baseline data to later do nursing assessments. The patient's health problems were shown as follows: dangerous violent behavior, self-care deficit, impaired social interaction, and inefficient family coping skills. We found that the patient had the ability to learn, to express simple dialogue and to discriminate items. In compliance with the evidence-based literature review supporting that "the use of reinforcement able to reduce violent behaviors of the patient", the medical team and patient's family worked together to conduct behavioral therapy. We conclude that the medical team has the determination and attitude of carrying out strengthening identification of objective behavior, reminding the patient of the target behavior along with repetitive reinforcement, able to help reduce effectively the patient's frequency and severity of performing violent behaviors.

參考文獻


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陳美齡、黃美意(2010).運用行為修正法於一位慢性精神分裂症病人之護理經驗.高雄護理雜誌,27(2),35—43。
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林惠珍(2017)。思覺失調症病人暴力行為對其主要照顧者之習得智謀、照顧負荷及照顧需求相關之探討〔碩士論文,義守大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0074-0708201711302400

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