居家護理諮商對失智症照顧者照顧負荷之成效

The Effects of Nursing Counseling at Home on the Burden of Dementia Caregivers

黃美蓉(Mei-Jung Huang) ； 賴倩瑜(Chien Yu Lai) ； 陳正生(Cheng-Sheng Chen) ； 陳孝範(Shiaw-Fan Chen) ； 林佑蓉(Yu-Jung Lin)

《精神衛生護理雜誌》 10卷2期 (2015/12) Pp. 19-25

https://doi.org/10.6847/TJPMHN.201512_10(2).0002

摘要

背景：失智症人口逐年增加，照顧者承受著很大的照顧負荷，提供專業的護理諮商將是減輕照顧者負荷的有效方法。目的：針對失智症照顧者發展居家護理諮商方案，並比較此居家護理諮商方案能否降低照顧負荷。方法：本研究採類實驗研究設計（quasi-experimental design），研究對象為南部某醫學中心有提供居家照護的失智症病人之主要照顧者，共收案50位。針對失智症照顧者提供為期三個月的居家護理諮商。在提供居家護理諮商介入性措施前後以「照顧者負荷量表（Caregiver Burden Inventory, CBI）」進行照顧者負荷的前後測，以評量介入性措施之成效。結果：失智症照顧者經過三個月的居家護理諮商介入後，照顧者負荷有顯著降低（t=10.44,p＜.001）；照顧者的身體、社交、情緒、時間依賴及發展等分項負荷在介入後亦都有顯著改善。結論：依照顧者需求而設計的居家護理諮商方案，可以顯著改善失智症照顧者的照顧負荷。建議可擴大在臨床上應用，以改善照顧者的負荷，促進照顧者健康與被照顧者的生活品質。

關鍵字

居家護理諮商 ； 照顧者負荷 ； 失智症病人

並列摘要

Background: Dementia population has increased year by year. Caregivers of patients with dementia have experienced heavy load of care burden. Providing a professional counseling could be a good way to reduce caregivers' burden. Purpose: This study aimed to develop a nursing counseling program especially for the caregivers of dementia patients, in addition, to examine the effects of the nursing counseling program on the care burden of caregivers of dementia patients. Methods: Quasi-experimental design was used in this study. Subjects were recruited from one hospital in southern Taiwan where they offered home care for dementia patients. Fifty caregivers of patients with dementia who were receiving home care and treatment participated in this study. An experts-validated nursing counseling program for 3 months have been applied to the subjects. The change of a caregiver's burden was measured by Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) and compared before and after the subjects were provided with the nursing counseling intervention. Results: The care burden of dementia caregivers was significantly reduced after the threemonth nursing counseling intervention (t=10.44, p＜.001). The further analyses showed each category of caregivers' burden, such as physical, social, emotional, time-dependent and developmental burden were also significantly diminished after the nursing counseling intervention. Conclusions/Implications for practice: The effects of the nursing counseling program based on the needs of dementia caregivers were obviously verified to help caregivers reduce care burden. It is suggested that the nursing counseling program at home may be applied in clinical settings to decrease caregivers' burden, to enhance the health of caregivers, and to improve the patients' life quality.

並列關鍵字

nursing counseling at home ； caregiver's burden ； dementia patients

參考文獻

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