非精神科護理人員之精神健康識能及精神病患照護態度之相關性研究

Mental Health Literacy and Attitudes Toward Mental Illness Among Nonpsychiatric Nurses: A Correlational Study

林子祺(Tzu-Chi Lin) ； 高瑞勇(Ruei-Yong Gao) ； 王盈婷(Ying-Ting Wang) ； 林靜蘭(Esther Ching-Lan Lin)

《精神衛生護理雜誌》 16卷3期 (2021/12) Pp. 15-24

https://doi.org/10.6847/TJPMHN.202112_16(3).03

摘要

背景：儘管世界衛生組織致力於提升民眾對於精神疾病的認識，研究顯示民眾對於精神病患仍帶著恐懼或偏見，包括健康照護工作人員，而照護合併精神疾病之病患對於非精神科護理人員將可能為一大挑戰。目的：探討非精神科護理人員之精神健康識能、精神疾病態度及照護態度之相關性。方法：採橫斷面研究設計，以方便取樣選取某醫學中心224位護理人員為研究對象，研究工具包含「精神健康識能量表」、「精神疾病態度量表」及「照護精神病患態度量表」。結果：非精神科護理人員之精神健康識能及精神疾病態度尚為正向，但對精神病患存在負面刻板印象。過去曾服務於內外科者，其精神健康識能顯著高於未有者，而精神健康識能愈佳者，對精神疾病態度愈正向；目前職級為N_2及已婚者，其精神疾病態度顯著高於N_0及未婚者；年資及年齡愈高者，照護精神病患態度愈正向。複迴歸分析顯示，對精神疾病態度為影響其照護態度之顯著變項。結論／實務應用：我國非精神科護理人員精神健康識能及對精神疾病態度雖正向，但仍存在負面刻板印象 ，未來建議針對未曾於內外科工作、N_0、未婚者及對精神病患抱持負面刻板印象象之非精神科護理人員，發展在職教育介入方案，提高非精神科護理人員對於合併精神疾病患者之照護能力與臨床照護品質。

關鍵字

非精神科護理人員 ； 精神健康識能 ； 態度 ； 精神疾病

並列摘要

Background: Despite attempts to reduce stigmas around mental illness, public attitudes toward mental illness remain largely negative, including among health-care professionals. Patients with mental illness pose a challenge to nonpsychiatric nurses. Purpose: To examine the correlation between nonpsychiatric nurses' mental health literacy and their attitudes toward mental illness in Taiwan. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a convenient sample of 224 nonpsychiatric nurses was conducted. Mental health literacy, attitudes regarding mental illness, and attitudes toward acute mental health were surveyed. Results: Nonpsychiatric nurses' mental health literacy and mental illness attitudes were slightly positive, but negative stereotypes were detected. Nurses with experience working in general medical settings were more literate about mental health than were nurses without such experience. Higher mental health literacy among nurses was related to more positive attitudes toward mental illness. Experience, being married, and older age were associated with more positive attitudes. Prior exposure to mental illness was not significantly associated with a difference in attitude. Attitudes toward mental illness were associated with attitudes toward acute mental health. Conclusion: Mental health literacy, positive attitudes, and negative stereotypes were all found among nurses. A training protocol should be developed to promote nurses' ability to care for patients with mental illness, especially for inexperienced nurses and those without experience working in a general medical setting.

並列關鍵字

nonpsychiatric nurses ； mental health literacy ； attitude ； mental illness

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