大學生時型及社會時差對躁鬱風險之影響

背景：由於大學生自主活動多元，常使其時型不穩定或偏晚，導致社會時差，而易產生身心困擾。目的：旨在探討大學生之時型及社會時差對躁鬱風險之影響。方法：採橫斷面調查性研究設計，以方便取樣在南台灣某大學招募110位大學生。研究工具包含基本人口學資料、慕尼黑時型問卷（Munich Chronotype Questionnaire; MCTQ）、輕躁風險自評量表（Hypomania Check List-32items; HCL-32）、第二版貝氏憂鬱量表（Beck Depression Inventory-II; BDI-II）。結果：大學生之時型與社會時差呈顯著正相關，上課日睡眠遲滯期與憂鬱風險呈現中度正相關。社會時差為憂鬱風險之預測因子，而上課日及非上課日之睡眠時數可預測輕躁風險。結論／實務應用：大學生時型愈晚，其社會時差愈大，而社會時差及睡眠情形與其躁鬱風險相關。本研究建議大學生宜建立穩定的睡眠週期及生活節奏，避免社會時差，以利情緒健康，進而預防心理疾病。

關鍵字

時型；社會時差；躁鬱風險；大學生

並列摘要

Background: Undergraduates participate in many activities that lead to unstable chronotypes or an increase in the night-type chronotype, which can cause social jetlag and physical and psychological problems. Purpose: To investigate the effects of chronotypes and social jetlag on the risk of hypomania and depression among undergraduates. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 110 undergraduates from a college in southern Taiwan through convenience sampling. Their demographics were collected, and the Chinese versions of the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, Hypomania Check List-32items, and Beck Depression Inventory-II were all used to assess students. Results: We observed a significant positive correlation between chronotype and social jetlag and a moderate positive correlation between sleep delay on a school night and the risk of depression. In addition, social jetlag was a predictor of the risk of depression, and sleep duration (on both weekdays and weekends) may predict the risk of hypomania. Conclusion/Implications for Practice: The chronotype of the college students in our cohort was biased toward the night type, and considerable social jetlag was noted among them. Social jetlag and sleep were correlated with the risks of hypomania and depression. These findings suggest that college students should develop stable sleep cycles and rhythms to avoid social jetlag and improve their emotional health, which can subsequently prevent mental illnesses.

並列關鍵字

chronotypes ； social jetlag ； risk of hypomania and depression ； undergraduate

參考文獻

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Choi, H. J., Lee, Y. J., Yoo, Y. J., Cho, Y. W., & Moon, H. J. (2019). The effects of chronotype and social jetlag on medical students. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 17(3), 269-276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41105-018-00198-6

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