精神疾病患者其汙名化感受、復元力及社會功能之關聯性

Correlated Studies on Perceived Stigma, Resilience, and Social Function of Patient with Mental Illness

李金燕(Chin-Yen Lee) ； 陳怡廷(Chen I-Tin) ； 黃靖雯(Huang Ching-Wen) ； 陳哩湘(Li-Hsiang Chen)

《臺灣職能治療研究與實務雜誌》 14卷2期 (2018/12) Pp. 89-100

https://doi.org/10.6534/jtotrp.201812_14(2).0003

摘要

目的：慢性精神病患人數逐年增加，汙名化對身心科患者影響甚鉅，多數人因擔心被歧視而影響就醫意願，因此本研究之目的主要探討身心科門診患者之汙名化情形、復元力與社會功能間之關聯性及影響因素。方法：採問卷調查方式，經由身心科門診醫師轉介，共募集50名受試者，獲得資料使用SPSS 20.0統計軟體進行分析，分析描述性統計、平均數、標準差、t檢定、單因子變異數、Pearson相關係數和迴歸係數分析。結果：社會功能和汙名感受間相關性最高的因素是人際溝通；而復元力和汙名感受間相關性最高的因素是家庭團結。有工作之患者復元量表得分數132.73 ± 21.17高於無工作之患者113.00 ± 25.19，且達顯著性差異（p ＜ .05）；另有工作之患者社會功能量表得分數75.67 ± 10.17高於無工作之患者61.71 ± 15.70，且達顯著性差異（p ＜ .01）。結論：汙名感受、社會功能和復元力三者間具關聯性，尤其是身心科患者之工作情況影響患者之復元能力和社會功能。建議加強患者之工作技能訓練及就業資源連結，改善患者之社會功能與復元能力，衛教汙名化的因應方法，協助患者適應社區生活。

關鍵字

身心科門診病患 ； 汙名感受 ； 社會功能 ； 復元力

並列摘要

Objectives: The number of patients with chronic mental disorders is increasing yearly. Stigma has tremendous impacts on psychosomatic patients as the majority of these patients do not seek treatment out of fear of being discriminated. Hence, this study aims to investigate the impact of stigma on the rehabilitation and social functions of psychosomatic outpatients and this paper presents the preliminary analysis of our study. Methods: A total of 50 subjects were recruited through physician referrals from the psychosomatic outpatient clinic and completed survey questionnaires. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Descriptive statistics, average numbers, standard deviations, t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficient were analyzed. Results: The strongest negative correlated factor between social function and perceived stigma was interpersonal skills. The strongest correlated factor between rehabilitation and perceived stigma was family cohesion. The resilience scores of patients with employment (132.73 ± 21.17) was stronger than that in patients without (113.00 ± 25.19), and differences were statistically significant (p ＜ .05). The social function scores of patients with employment (75.67 ± 10.17) was stronger than that in patients without (61.71 ± 15.70), and differences were statistically significant (p ＜ .01). Conclusion: Our study revealed that multiple socioeconomic variables and social functioning were correlated to perceived stigma in psychiatric outpatients. Strategies are needed to enhance how patients with mental illness to cope with stigma. We recommend the tracking of patient's medical status and educating patients to overcome stigma, in order to reduce the impact of stigma on patients.

並列關鍵字

Psychiatric outpatients ； Perceived stigma ； Social functions ； Resilience