論路遙《平凡的世界》的女性主體性－一種鄕土中國本土現代性的解讀

《平凡的世界》（三部曲，1988年），是大陸當代的重要作家路遙(1949-1992)的代表作。本文以路遙《平凡的世界》中的女性形象及女性觀為考察角度，以農村知識女性與農婦的代表，分析她們不同於西方、不同於五四時期，亦不同於新中國建國後上山下鄉的女性主體的流變與特色。女性主體性作為現代性實踐的一種，在《平凡的世界》中展現了另一條更為貼近土地，實事求是地跟中國鄉土／現實同在的擔當，並以情感的熱烈、明朗與堅強的形象流變，展現了女性在大陸改革開放的歷史社會的巨變中，仍有著母者般的彈性與穩重的氣象－在此作中，這也是她們邁向現代社會中，或自覺或自然的一種實踐與選擇，非傳統意義上的「逆來順受」。因此，在這層意義上，她們克服了過往歷史中突出的女性閨秀、膽怯、感傷、純情及個人主義的自我路線，也不以與男性相對立來彰顯其解放，兩性之間更多的是合乎現實的扶持與互補之愛，是鄉土中國本土現代性的一個重要組成部分。

關鍵字

路遙；平凡的世界；女性；農村；現實主義

並列摘要

The Novel The Common World (a trilogy) is the representative work of Lu Yao (1949-1992), an important contemporary writer in China Mainland. This paper is a study of the female characters and their world view, the female peasant intellectuals and woman peasant as expressed in The Common World. It is to analyze the differences between these peasant women and their counterparts in the Western, during the May Fourth Movement era, or during the cultural revolution.The woman subjectivity as a practice of modernity expressed in The Common World shows that they are faithful to the rural China and at the same time trying to make changes as a peasant mother. They have overcoming the timidity and sentimental emotional of women of the chambers. These peasant women or intellectuals do not challenge the men in order to liberate themselves. In their struggle for their identity, they respect both sexes by showing with help and love. This is the true practice of indigenous modernity in rural China.