文化家園的重建或失落：賈平凹《古爐》的「人性／文化」的對位關係

Remaking and Loss of Cultural Homeland: The "Human / Culture" Relationship Counterpoint in Jia Ping-Au's Novel Ancient Furnace

柯品文(Pin-Wen Ke)

《淡江中文學報》 29期 (2013/12) Pp. 271-299

https://doi.org/10.6187/tkujcl.201306.29-10

摘要

中國文化大革命後，自七〇年代末以來大陸當代小說的寫作風潮，以十年文革作為反文革為主題的作品，包括有傷痕文學、反思文學、文化尋根文學等等，距離一九七六年已結束的十年文革，遲至三十五年後在二〇一一年賈平凹才出版這本以文革為背景的長篇小說《古爐》，值得思考的是文本將如何進行主題切入，與其文革敘事的運用。透過賈平凹《古爐》一書，發現作者有意突破文革敘事的既定框架，並以自己曾有過的文革經歷，從自我記憶進行書寫，文本刻意以文革時代為歷史背景，藉以凸顯「人」存在之價值意義的「人性」思考；最後文本探討「國家政治／農村社會」對應下「人性／文化」兩者的對位關係，且文本的目的不只在於對大時代與歷史進行傷痕、反思或尋根的訴求，更重要是透過作者對文革記憶的書寫試圖完成自我救贖，從而追尋其精神中「文化家園」的重建，然而在「人性／文化」對位關係下的《古爐》，究竟其文本之文化家園是重建，抑或是失落？皆是本文研究的重點。

關鍵字

文化家園 ； 人性 ； 文革敘事 ； 國家政治 ； 農村社會

並列摘要

China after the Cultural Revolution, from 70 mainland since the late wave of contemporary fiction writing to the Cultural Revolution Cultural Revolution decade as an anti-themed works, including a scar literature, reflection literature, literary and cultural roots, etc., from 1976 decade of the Cultural Revolution has ended, after 35 years in the late 2011 Jia before publishing this to the Cultural Revolution as the background of the novel ”Ancient furnace” is worth pondering how the text will be cut theme, with its Cultural Revolution the use of narrative. The novel Ancient Stove with the theme of Cultural Revolution was published in 2011, which is thirty-five years after the end of ten-year-long Cultural Revolution in 1976. How would Jia Ping-Au undergo the focus of the theme and the use of strategy of Cultural Revolution description. Through Jia ”Ancient Furnace,” a book and found that the author intended to break the established framework of the Cultural Revolution, narrative, and to their own experience of the Cultural Revolution, there had been, from the self-memory to write the text deliberately Cultural Revolution as the historical background, in order to highlight the ”people” exist meaning the value of ”human” thinking; final text of the study ”National political / rural society” under the corresponding ”human / cultural” relations between the two pairs of bits, and the purpose of the text is not only to carry on the great age and historical wounds, reflection or roots demands, more importantly, through the memories of the Cultural Revolution written trying to complete self-salvation, which trace their spiritual and cultural homeland in the reconstruction, but in ”human / culture” on the bit relations under the ”old furnace”, what the text of the cultural home is rebuilt or is lost is the focus of this study are.

並列關鍵字

Cultural homeland ； humanity ； the Cultural Revolution narrative ； national politics ； rural society

參考文獻

賈平凹(2011)。古爐。臺北:麥田出版公司。

賈平凹(2006)。秦腔。臺北:麥田出版公司。

方奕、劉冬青(2009)。新寫實小說論。南通航運職業技術學院學報。2009(3)，25-28。

毛琦(2010)。艱難的探索，心靈的掙紮論賈平凹小說中現實主義的流變。陜西青年職業學院學報。2010(4)，70-74。

余一中(2011)。再談社會主義現實主義文學經典。中國圖書評論。2011(4)，58-63。