1940年代京滬的日常生活與消費文化－以吳濁流《南京雜感》、《亞細亞的孤兒》為討論中心

本文主要目的是透過吳濁流的《南京雜感》與《亞細亞的孤兒》來探討1940年代上海與南京的日常生活與消費文化特點。首先，我們可以看到1940年代上海及南京的庶民生活，在這兩個大都會裡，女學生、摩登女性的生活樣貌。其中女學生在近代中國代表了多重的意義，是近代中國女性涉入公共領域時，一個很重要的形象，而摩登女性的形象不僅是當時現代性的表徵，亦是消費文化的特徵之一。其次，二十世紀初的上海享樂主義與消費文化，可以從吳濁流對上海公共場域的描述中得到印證，如百貨公司、娛樂場、租界等，展示了中國現代性的一面。再者，是南京市民社會深奧的消費文化，如澡堂文化及看戲成癮，以及戰時南京的娛樂事業，觀眾中西合璧的口味，戲院與電影院林立的現象，從中可窺見近代中國的社會面貌。在結論中，筆者歸納了京滬日常生活與消費文化的特點為時髦與封建的剩餘共處，在庶民社會的風貌與大眾娛樂流行文化的描述中，我們窺見了處於傳統與現代磨合期的近代中國。

關鍵字

日常生活；消費文化；摩登女性；吳濁流；南京雜感；亞細亞的孤兒

並列摘要

Main purpose of the essay is to discuss the characteristics of the everyday life and consumer culture in Nanjing and Shanghai during the 1950s by WU Zhuoliu's novels, ＂Nanjing Za Gan＂ (Random Thoughts on Nanjing) and ＂Orphan of Asia＂. Firstly, in his novels we can see the common people's everyday life in these two big cities and the life forms of female students, and modern gril. Among all the characters, female students had multiple implications in near term Chinese culture and can be said was a very important image, representing modern Chinese woman had begun to get involved in the public fields. And the image of modern woman not only was a symbal of moernity at the time but also was one characteristic of the consumer culture. Then, we can also prove the hedonism in Shanghai and the consumer culture in the beginning of the twentieth century from WU Zhuoliu's descriptions on Shanghai's public arenas like department stores, entertaining places, and the concessions. This also reflected a facet of Chinese modernity. Next, we were able to glance at modern China's social outlook from the common Nanjing people's complicated consumer culture, such as bathroom culture, citizen's gambling habit, and movie addition, entertaining business in Nanjing during the wartime, audients' Eastern-Western blended tastes, and the phenomenon of bristly theatres and cinemas. The writer concluded lastly that the characteristics of the everyday life and consumer culture in Nanjing and Shanghai areas was the co-existence of modern thinking and leftovers from the old feudal system. In the description of the common people's social appearances and general pop cultures, we peeped into modern China that was confronting the run-in period in between tradition and modernity.