- 期刊
疏果改善‘台農二號'番木瓜之著果斷節
Fruit Thinning Decreases Fruit Set Interruption (Sterile Skipping) in Papaya 'Tainung No.2'
摘要
‘台農二號’番木瓜兩性株於栽培期間經常發生著果不連續之現象（稱之為著果斷節），造成果實採收中斷。本試驗調查番木瓜果園之著果情形，以了解田間植株之著果斷節發生情況。另於高雄區農業改良場（以下簡稱高雄場）試驗田區，進行不同程度疏除幼果處理，以探討疏果處理對番木瓜開花著果的影響，並改善著果中斷問題。疏果處理以每三節為處理單位，依疏果程度分為全部不留果（0FR）、留一果（1FR）、留兩果（2FR）及留三果（3FR）等處理，並以未疏果為對照。結果顯示，本試驗所調查之果園中植株普遍發生著果斷節之現象，平均約有22±10.7節之著果斷節。疏果試驗結果顯示，當疏果程度越低或留果數目越多，其新生節位開花數及著果數目越少，其中未行疏果之植株新生節位正常兩性型花數量少於一朵，導致著果斷節；疏果程度越高之植株，新生節位平均可著生2-4朵正常兩性型花，可著生較多果實，因此避免了著果斷節情況發生。
並列摘要
Fruit set interruption or sterile skipping is common in the cultivation of 'Tainung No. 2' hermaphrodite papaya trees in Taiwan. Fruit set interruption decreases papaya fruit loads and causes fluctuation of market prices. We investigated the severity of fruit set interruption in a well-managed papaya orchard. We found that fruit set interruption occurred on average of 22±10.7 nodes. We also manipulated crop load via fruit thinning with fruit (0FR), 1 fruit / 3 nodes (1FR), 2 fruits / 3 nodes (2FR), 3 fruits / 3 nodes (3FR), and without thinning (control), to document fruit load effects on normal hermaphrodite flower development at the following nodes of 'Tainung No. 2' trees. Results showed that the more fruits remaining on the tree the less normal hermaphrodite flower development per inflorescent and the less fruit set at the newly grown nodes. Plants without fruit thinning (control) had less than 1 elongata flower per inflorescence on new nodes. On the other hand, plants after fruit thinning had 2 to 4 elongata flowers per inflorescence on new nodes. Fruit thinning could avoid fruit set interruption and improve fruit bearing on elongata flower above treated nodes in 'Tainung No. 2' papaya.