山藥的基源與臨床應用

山藥為薯預科植物薯預的根莖。在補劑中，山藥是一味應用很廣的藥物，既可與其他藥物配伍使用，也可與食物配合食用，具有很高的藥用價值。由於種類眾多，市場多有混用之情形。本文是探討目前中藥市場有關於山藥的基源，炮製品的評鑑，藥理作用與臨床應用。由於積極進行山藥種源的繁殖與篩選，台灣目前主要有大薯、長薯、山薯、條薯與恆春山藥等等共五種市場品。炮製品之中，水溶性浸出物和醇溶性浸出物含量變化基本相似。尿囊素含量則是熬炒山藥最高，炒山藥最低。薯蕷皂苷元之含量由高至低依次為土炒、清炒、麩炒、生品。黏多糖含量的比較分析，其含量由高到低順序為：生品＞蜜麩炒＞炒黃＞米炒＞土炒＞炒焦＞炒炭＞麩炒。山藥具有降血糖、保護肝腎用、降低膽固醇與改善記憶等作用。臨床應用於健脾補肺，滋陰澀精，以較大劑量為佳。

關鍵字

山藥；基源；品質；藥理作用；臨床應用

並列摘要

Chinese yam is rhizome of Dioscorea spp. , Chinese yam is widely applied to tonification combination . It may be used not only single or match with other medicine, but also can cooperate with food eatable, possess very high medicative value. Owing to too many species, mix use situation at herbal market. Chinese herbal medicine's market relevance in Chinese yam about origin, preparation, pharmacological action and clinic application is described in this paper. Because active proceeding of breed with selection of Chinese yam's source, There are five kinds of Dioscorea rhizome on Taiwan herbal market, they are D. alata, D. batatas, D. japonica, D. alata L. var. purpurea and D. doryophora. The contents of secondary products of water soluble is basically similary to alcohol soluble. Allantoin content then is stand fry Chinese yam highest, fry Chinese yam lowest. Diosgenin, which belong to Glucosides of Dioscorea spp. Content's from highness go to lowliness in turn is countrified fry, clear fry, wheat bran fry, generate article. Comparation analysis of sticky polysaccharide's content, by high go low order is: Generate taste＞ Honey barn fry＞Fry yellow＞Rice fry＞Soil fry＞Fry burned＞Fry charcoal＞Barn fry. Chinese yam could decrease blood sugar, protect livers and kidney, control cholesterol and ameliorate memory's effect. Clinic application to increase the physical function of spleen and lung, nourish Yin and astringe essence, larger dose is better.

並列關鍵字

Chinese yam ； origin ； quality ； pharmacological action ； clinic application

國際替代計量

山藥的基源與臨床應用

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