痛經中西醫研究概況

Survey of Dysmenorrhea in Chinese and Western Medicine

李翠容(Chuei-Rong Lee) ； 羅頌平(Song-Ping Luo)

《臺灣中醫科學雜誌》 5卷1期 (2010/08) Pp. 24-31

https://doi.org/10.29810/SJTTCM.201008.0004

摘要

痛經(dysmenorrhea)是指經期前後或行經期間出現下腹劇烈疼痛、腰酸、甚至噁心、嘔吐的現象，嚴重者可見面色蒼白、出冷汗、手足厥冷、劇痛昏倒等危象，是婦科常見病。痛經根據發病情況分為原發性痛經（又稱功能性痛經）和繼發性痛經2類。原發性痛經是指生殖器官無明顯器質性病變所致的痛經，是目前婦科最常見疾病；繼發性痛經指由於生殖器官發生器質性病變，如子宮內膜異位、子宮腺肌病、盆腔炎等病變引起的痛經。據抽樣調查表明，婦女中痛經發生率為33.1%，其中原發性者占53.2%，主要發生群體為青春期少女和未婚或未育的年輕婦女。中醫學以及現代醫學對這一臨床病症的分類特點、發病機理、防治措施等多有研究，並在實踐中積累了豐富的診治經驗，本文就近年來的研究進展作一綜述。

關鍵字

痛經 ； 原發性痛經 ； 繼發性痛經 ； 子宮內膜異位症 ； 子宮腺肌病 ； 盆腔炎

並列摘要

Dysmenorrhea, the common gynecological disease, refers to occurring severe pain of low abdomen, lumbar ache, even nausea and vomiting before, after or while menstruation. In severe cases, phenomenon of visible pale, cold sweat, cold hands and feet and fainting caused by extreme pain occur in patients. Dysmenorrhea is commonly divided into primary dysmenorrhea (also called functional dysmenorrhea) and secondary dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea, without obvious organic lesions in reproductive organs, is by far the most common gynecologic diseases. Secondary dysmenorrhea is caused by organic lesions of female genital organs, such as endometriosis, uterine adenomyosis, and pelvic inflammatory disease. According to the survey, the incidence of dysmenorrhea in women is 33.1%, and 53.2% of these patients is diagnosed as primary dysmenorrhea. Adolescent girls, unmarried or un-pregnant young women are main population of patients with primary dysmenorrhea. The classification, pathogenesis, and prevention process of dysmenorrhea are well-studied in traditional Chinese medicine, as well as modern medicine. A wealth of clinical experiences of dysmenorrhea was also accumulated in the past. This article reviews the recent progress in dysmenorrhea research.

並列關鍵字

dysmenorrhea ； primary dysmenorrhea ； secondary dysmenorrhea ； endometriosis ； uterine adenomyosis ； pelvic inflammatory disease