創新策略對產品創新績效之影響－以組織學習為中介變數

The Moderating Effects of Innovation Strategy on Product Innovation Performance Given the Organizational Learning

王鴻(Hou Wang) ； 李春實(Trun-Sur Lee)

《華人前瞻研究》 14卷2期 (2018/11) Pp. 55-57+59-73

摘要

近幾年由於技術快速變動，再加上經營環境及營運模式劇變，造成企業必須進行創新及快速差異化策略。同時，創新策略可以視為創新概念之應用以創造企業最大之價值。然而，在創新過程沒有一個企業能夠忽略組織學習之重要性，因為學習視組織管理的核心，它已經成為企業活動的主要本質。企業經由組織學習能力來強化企業競爭優勢，以及具備適應外在環境變化和新科技創新能力。因此，企業必須根據組織學習需求和競爭條件，在提升產品創新績效時必須增進組織學習能力，以有效執行創新策略。所以，本研究主要探討組織學習對創新策略影響產品創新績效之中介效果。在母體確定後，本研究以研究者個案公司之研發人員為樣本對象，並經由問卷施測，全部回收有效問卷為101份。本研究透過實證分析結果顯示出重要結論有：1.創新策略、組織學習和產品創新績效等變數的α值都大於0.6，表示此量表之信度是可接受的；「突破性創新」策略最常被使用，而「漸進式創新」則有較低的評價；「分享願景」策略最常被使用，「開放心智」則有較低的評價；創新策略愈好並不一定有助於提升產品創新的績效，研究結果並未支持H1之假說；整體組織學習愈好窕有助於提升產品創新的績效，研究結果支持H2-4之假說；創新策略愈好有助於提升整體組織學習，研究結果支持H3-5之假說；組織學習為創新策略與產品創新績效的中介變數效果並不成立，因此，H4並未獲得支持；以及年齡在創新策略之看法有顯著性差異，其他背景變項在創新策略、組織學習和產品創新績效之看法上都沒有顯著性差異。最後，本研究主要貢獻在於支持使用多層面方法於探討產品創新策略對產品創新績效之影響，產品創新策略能達到預期的市場佔有率，但在產品創新能達到預期的銷售目標與產品創新策略能創造企業競爭優勢則有不同之看法。至於本研究建議，企業員工可以經由組織學習來提升創新能力，以增加產品創新績效。另外，本研究建議探討產品創新程序之多重構面對不同期間產品創新績效變化之影響，以及檢視企業如何經由組織學習來提升員工創新能力。

關鍵字

創新 ； 創新策略 ； 組織學習 ； 產品創新績效

並列摘要

In recent years, due to the advances in technology, globalization and market competition, enterprises must adopt strategy that innovates and differentiates. At the same time, to successfully enter market and maintain competitive advantage, enterprises must obtain advantages through development of new product/service and market. Innovation can be viewed as the application of new concept to create enterprise value. The definition of innovation is the creation of new process or techniques in product development and application management. Therefore, enterprises must add new products and creation process capabilities per customer specification and competitive environment. Thus, this study will explore the impact of product innovation strategy on product innovation performance. The sample targets for the questionnaires are R&D employees in researcher case company and there are 68 total valid questionnaires. Through empirical analysis, this study reveals that enterprises use applied innovation strategy the most often. Product innovation can help enterprises create new market and opportunity. There is positive correlation between product innovation strategy and product innovation performance. Innovation in model and breakthrough innovation can effectively increase product innovation performance. The better the innovation strategy, and there is the better the product innovation performance. This result supports H1 hypothesis. Gender plays a significant role in progressive innovation strategy. Marital status plays a significant role in progressive and applied innovation strategy and product innovation performance. Finally, the contribution of this study is in using multi-dimensional method in exploring the impact of innovation strategy on product innovation performance even though there are only a few variables affecting product innovation performance. Future study suggestions include further exploring the correlation between product innovation/innovation performance and company scale and the number of employees. Also, they can explore the impact of different stages of product innovation process on product innovation performance and the difference in views between managers and employees.

並列關鍵字

Innovation ； Innovation Strategy ； Organizational Learning ； Product Innovation Performance