Violence and Gender: The Ugaritic <||>Violent Female<||> Tradition and the Story of Deborah in Judges 4

暴力與性別：烏加列的“剽悍女性”傳統與士師記四章底波拉的故事

曾思瀚(Sam Tsang)

《漢語基督教學術論評》 4期 (2007/12) Pp. 95-108

摘要

本文獨特地指出烏加列阿迦特故事與士師記底波拉故事的相似之處。雖然許多學者已經注意到，烏加列文學與士師記的多重相似之處；但底波拉故事與阿迦特故事的顯著平行卻更值得觀察，因為這兩個故事中的人物都屬「剽悍女性」。除了兩位女性人物極其相似之外，本文亦提到士師記其他人物與迦南人物，以及耶和華與迦南諸神明之問的各樣對照。底波拉故事的作者使用類似烏加列「剽悍女性」的修辭，以達到讚美婦女與耶和華的神學目的。更重要地，當現代神學家正積極嘗試與中國文化對話時，這種修辭為漢語神學指引了一條重要的研究方向。

關鍵字

士師記與烏加列 ； 底波拉 ； 阿迦特 ； 女人 ； 暴力

並列摘要

This article points out the parallels between the Ugaritic story of Aqhat and the story of Deborah in Judges 4. Although many scholars have noted parallels between Ugaritie literature and stories in Judges, this parallel is especially striking because the characters in both stories are ＜||＞violent females.＜||＞ At the same time, this article also notes the various contrasts between the characters in the story and the Canaanite characters as well as those between YHWH and the Canaanite gods. The author of Deborah's story used Ugaritic-like rhetoric of violent females to accomplish his theological purpose of praising the women and YHWH in the Deborah story. More importantly, such rhetoric points to a tactic for Sino-Christian theology where the modern theologian actively seeks to engage Chinese culture.

並列關鍵字

Judges and Ugarit ； Deborah ； Aqhat ； women ； violence

參考文獻

Ackerman, Susan.(1998).Warrior Dance, Seductress, Queen: Women in Judges and Biblical Israel.Garden City:Double Day.

Bal, Mieke(1988).Death and Dissymmetry: The Politics of Coherence in the Book of Judges.Chicago:University of Chicago Press.

Ken PaChin,Chin(2006).What is ? Sino-Theology.Sino-Christian Studies.1,125-257.

Craigie, Peter.(1969).The Song of Deborah and the Epic of Tukulti-Ninurta.Journal of Biblical Literature.88,253-265.

Dempster, S. G.(1978).Mythology and History in the Song of Deborah.Westminister Theological Journal.41,33-53.