Petition and Subordination: Karl Barth's Interpretation of Prayer

祈求與順服：卡爾•巴特對禱告的詮釋

賀拉絲特(Eva Harasta)

《漢語基督教學術論評》 8期 (2009/12) Pp. 7-30

https://doi.org/10.30106/SCSAIJBTP.200912.0001

摘要

對於基督徒生活和教義反省而言，「我們該如何禱告？」是個重要的問題。卡爾•巴特將祈求定義為基督徒禱告的「核心」；他將感謝、懺悔和敬拜詮釋為祈求的先決條件。然而，哀慟從這個角度看只能被視為不順服。巴特不從他的讚美觀來發展對上帝的讚美，而是將它等同於對鄰舍的愛。對鄰舍的愛乃是在人際關係中主動承認上帝的旨意；信徒藉由順服地承認而榮耀上帝。巴特在他的復和倫理中將人對上帝的祈求描述為基本的倫理行動：祈求不僅讓信徒在世界中預備按照上帝的旨意行動，並且為信徒提供如何確實在世界中行動的架構，因為祈求的行動表達了對上帝干預的信賴，於是祈求者的行動交付給上帝的審判和行動。然而，巴特似乎否定真正的終末前的讚美和真正的終末的祈求是存在的。而且，他將禱告和對上帝旨意順服的觀念完全相結合。

關鍵字

卡爾•巴特 ； 祈求 ； 讚美 ； 主禱文 ； 順服

並列摘要

”How should we pray?” is a crucial question for Christian life and for dogmatic reflection. Karl Barth defines petition as the ”centre” of Christian prayer; he interprets gratitude, repentance, and worship as preconditions for petition. Lament, however, can only be viewed as disobedience from this perspective. Barth develops the praise of God independently from his concept of prayer by identifying it with neighbourly love. Love of neighbour is the active confession of the will of God in inter-human relationships; by obediently confessing, the believers glorify God. In his ethics of reconciliation, Barth describes the (petitionary) invocation of God as the fundamental ethical act: Petition not only prepares the believers to act according to God's will in the ”world,” but it also provides the structure of how the believers actually act in the ”world”-because petition trusts in God to intervene and thereby commends the petitioner's actions to the judgment and actions of God. However, Barth seems to deny that there is true pre-eschatological praise as well as true eschatological petitions. Furthermore, he binds prayer exclusively to the idea of obedience (or to put it more ”bluntly”: subordination) to God's will.

並列關鍵字

Karl Barth ； petition ； praise ； the Lord's Prayer ； obedience

參考文獻

Barth, Karl,Geoffrey W Bromiley(eds.),Thomas F Torrance(eds.)(1969).Church Dogmatics.Geoffrey W. Bromiley(Eds.)|Thomas F. Torrance(Eds.).1(4)

Barth, Karl ,Hinrich Stoevesandt(ed.)(1979).Introduction (Vorwort) to Gesamtausgabe.Zürich:TVZ.

Barth, Karl(1967).Kirchliche Dogmatik.1(4)

Barth, Karl,Don E. Saliers(ed.),Sara F. Terrien(trans.)(2002).Prayer: 50th Anniversary Edition.

Barth, Karl,George W. Richards(trans.),Elmer G. Homrighausen(trans.),KarlJ.Ernst(trans.)(1935).In God's Search for Man: Sermons by Karl Barth and Eduard Thurneysen.New York:Round Table Press.