懷舊療法之介紹

Introduction the Reminiscence Therapy

陳淑華(Shu-Hua Chen) ； 張曉雲(Hsiao-Yun Chang) ； 謝秀芳(Hsiu-Fang Hsieh)

《馬偕護理雜誌》 6卷1期 (2012/01) Pp. 7-16

https://doi.org/10.29415/JMKN.201201_6(1).0001

摘要

懷舊療法是有計畫的幫助病人透過回憶，找到人生價值與意義的療法，常用於老人與癌症病人，因為這些病人常會發生自我統整危機，尤其癌症病人一旦產生危機，易有負向情緒及心、靈的痛苦，因此如何將懷舊療法應用於病人更顯重要。本文主要目的是透過文獻查證將懷舊療法的定義、理論、功能、通用情境、種類等資料逐一介紹，重點於介入時須運用傾聽及同理心技巧，由關係啟動期開始建立信任關係，再與個案一同進入融入階段開始回憶，此時可掌握5W（Where、When、Who、What、How）原則，接著進入回縮期將個案情緒引導回正向，於結束時讓病人記住愉快感覺。最後筆者希望經由懷舊療法介紹，使護理人員能根據我國文化與醫療環境的不同，提供深入病人心、靈的護理照顧方式，使能依據個案需求，提供個別性護理措施，建議以研究方式映證懷舊療法之功能及病人自我超越能力，以期能推廣於慢性病病人。

關鍵字

懷舊療法 ； 回憶 ； 癌症 ； 老人

並列摘要

Reminiscence therapy is the kind of therapy to systematically help patients find the value and meaning of life through recollection, and it is often times used on elderly patients and cancer patients. The reason is that these patients would often have crisis for self-integration, especially when crisis has occurred to cancer patients, they are likely to from negative emotion, and spiritual suffer, therefore, it has turned ever more critical as how reminiscence therapy can be applied onto patients. The purpose of this article is to make use of literature investigation to have the definition, theory, and capability, Suitable situation, taboo, type elaborated one by one. The focus is that when using intervention measure it is necessary to employ listing and empathy skill, and relationship initiation stage will begin to establish trust. Then, one will move on into the merging stage with the case jointly. At the moment, one should can master 5W(Where、When、Who、What、How)principle, and move into withdrawal stage helping to guide the emotion of case into positive approach. At the end, the therapy will help the patient to remember happiness feelings. Last but not the least, the author likes to use the introduction of reminiscence therapy, and render nursing staff of our country to base on our diverse state culture and medical environment to provide patients with soulish and spiritual nursing care for patients, and individualized the way nursing measures based on the needs of respective individuals. It is suggested to use studies to prove reminiscence function and self-transcend, and can promote in chronic illness patients.

並列關鍵字

Reminiscence ； Remember ； Cancer ； Elderly