慢性炎症在肥胖或慢性疾病扮演之角色與照護

世界衛生組織指出肥胖是一種慢性疾病，脂肪組織不僅僅是能量的堆積，它還會分泌許多荷爾蒙和細胞激素，對身體機能的平衡有很大的影響。當人體血液的脂質濃度升高時，發炎細胞激素如腫瘤壞死因子（tumor necrosis factor, TNF-α）、介白素-6（interleukin-6, IL-6）與介白素-1β（interleukin-1β, IL-1β）等濃度也會升高，脂肪組織功能異常或失去恆定，此時即身體處於低度慢性發炎的狀態，最後導致肌肉、肝臟、心臟、血管、神經等各組織器官功能逐漸受到傷害，進而引發心血管疾病、第2型糖尿病、失智症及癌症等與肥胖相關的慢性疾病。肥胖是因為熱量攝取過多、消耗的太少，導致過多剩餘的熱量以脂肪的形式堆積在體內。除遺傳外，主要受到致胖環境及生活型態因素的影響，因此，調整飲食和增加身體活動是減重的首要核心任務。

關鍵字

慢性炎症；發炎指標；肥胖；體重過重；慢性疾病

並列摘要

The World Health Organization pointed out that obesity is a chronic disease. Adipose tissue is not only the accumulation of energy, but also secretes many hormones and cytokines, which have a great impact on the balance of body functions. When the lipid concentration in human blood rises, the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β will also increase, and the function of adipose tissue is abnormal or loses its constant. At this time, the body is in a state of low-grade chronic inflammation, which eventually leads to gradual damage to the functions of muscles, liver, heart, blood vessels, nerves and other tissues and organs, which in turn leads to obesity-related chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, dementia and cancer. Obesity is due to excessive calorie intake and too little consumption, resulting in excess excess calories accumulated in the body in the form of fat. In addition to genetics, it is mainly affected by obesity-causing environment and lifestyle factors. Therefore, adjusting diet and increasing physical activity are the primary core tasks of weight loss.

並列關鍵字

chronic inflammation ； inflammatory response ； obesity ； overweight ； chronic diseases

參考文獻

蔡坤原、黃鈞源、黃麗卿(2017)．高敏感性C－反應蛋白與身體質量指數、腰圍、體脂肪的關係－已非酒精性脂肪肝病人為例。台灣家醫誌，27，213-21。https://doi.org/10.3966/168232812017122704003

黃森芳、陳聰毅、黃國欽 (2020)．運動介入對脂肪組織功能之成效．大專體育，154，34-44。https://doi.org/10.6162/SRR.2009_(154).0004

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EI-Kader, S. M., & Al-Shreef, F. M. (2018). Inflammatory cytokines and immune system modulation by aerobic versus resisted exercise training for elderly. African Health Sciences. 18(1), 120-131. https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v18i1.16

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