臺灣頂尖撞球選手優秀運動表現之影響因素

目的：本研究在瞭解臺灣頂尖撞球選手優秀運動表現之影響因素。方法：採質性研究方式，以立意取樣，選取五位曾代表臺灣參加國際性比賽，且獲得冠軍的頂尖撞球選手為訪談對象。以創造力理論為基礎，設計半結構式訪談問題，採開放性編碼，主軸性編碼及選擇性編碼，持續歸納、比較及分析。結果：臺灣頂尖撞球選手優秀運動表現的影響因素主要包括參與動機、訓練的關鍵因素及競賽因應策略等，參與動機的內涵包括選手本身、社會網絡、外在環境等；訓練關鍵因素的內涵包括良好的培育環境，以及有效的訓練策略等；競賽因應策略的內涵包括賽前，以及賽中的因應策略等。結論：臺灣頂尖撞球選手擁有強烈的參與動機，最佳的訓練環境與方法，以及採取最適當的賽前及賽中的競賽壓力因應策略。

關鍵字

教練；優秀運動員；運動訓練；參與動機

並列摘要

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that influence top billiard players' excellent performances in Taiwan. Methods: Based on the qualitative research methods and purposive sampling, five billiard players who had won the international billiard championship as Taiwan representatives were interviewed by semi-structured questions basing on creativity theory. All reports were analyzed by grounded theory through open, axial, and selective coding process. All of the information was rearranged, induced, compared, and analyzed. Results: The results indicated that the main factors that influence elite billiard players' excellent performances in Taiwan include the participant motivations, the factors of training, and ways to cope with competitive pressure. The contents of the participant motivations for top billiard players include personal reasons, social networks and the external environments. The contents of the key factors in training include the best environments for training and effective strategies for training. The contents of the ways to cope with competitive pressure include the cope strategies of pre-matches and In-matches. Conclusions: The top billiard players in Taiwan have higher participant motivations, the best environments and strategies for training, and the optimum strategies to cope with competitive pressure of pre-matches as well as post-matches.