Facing the transition of disease, progress of medical technology and promotion of healthcare quality, the nursing professional roles are becoming more diverse and specialized. Hence, functions and responsibilities of nurses in Taiwan are required with new expansion. The aim of this article 15 to describe the current situation and future development of six expanded nursing roles in Taiwan, including nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, advanced community practice nurse, research nurse, disaster nurse and forensic nurse. Hopefully the information about expanded nursing roles in this article can not only provide the understanding of nursing professionals but also provide the directions for future professional development and nursing curriculum development in Taiwan.