- 期刊
社區第二型糖尿病患自我管理行為之評估
Assessment of Self Management Behaviors for Community Out-patients with Type II Diabetes
摘要
目的：本研究旨在評估社區中第二型糖尿病個案自我管理行為執行的情形，以及探討各行為領域之相關因素，並與過去的研究進行比較分析。方法：研究方法採橫斷式研究設計，以高雄市衛生所曾收案管理之第二型糖尿病個案為研究對象，運用糖尿病自我管理行為量表，以家庭訪視的方式收集資料，共計收取有效樣本103出位。結果：經因素分析後，糖尿病自我管理行為區分為六個行為領域，整體標準化得分為61.68%，在「服藥自我管理」方面得分最高，「足部照護」方面得分最低；「飲食自我管理」之相關因素為甜食偏好及血壓控制情形，而與「運動自我管理」相關者則為教育程度、自覺健康狀況以及身體質量指數，與「足部照護」相關的因素為性別、職業以及經濟狀況。結論：研究結果顯示健康工作者最需加強提升居家患者之「足部照護」與「高低血糖的預防處理」行為，而自我管理之各行為領域具有不同的影響因素，運用時須區分行為領域進行個別分析，如此方可有效理解糖尿病個案自我管理所面對的特定困難，並針對其問題提供更為適切的指導。
並列摘要
The purpose of the study was to investigate self-management behaviors of community out-patients with type 2 diabetes, and to explore factors associated with behaviors in different areas, and further to make com-parison and analysis with previous relevant studies. A cross-sectional survey design was used to obtain self-reported data. A non-randomized sample of 103 community out-patients with type 2 diabetes managed by a health center in Kaohsiung City participated in the study. The Diabetes Self-Management Scale CDSMS) and a demographic questionnaire were administered by homevisiting interviewers. Factor analysis of the DSMS revealed 6 differential subscales. The standardized score for overall self-management behaviors was 61.68. Participants had the highest standardized score on ”medication administration” subscale and the lowest standardized score on ”foot care” subscale. Sugar preference and BP control were associated with diet management. Educational level, perceived health status and BMI status were associated with exercise management. Occupation and economic status were associated with foot care performance. The results indicate that community health care practitioners should focus to promote ”foot care” and ”exercise management” be-haviors. Because self-management behaviors are multidimensional, it is necessary to assess each area separately. A brief self-report adherence can be a useful way to understand what difficult aspects diabetic patients are facing. Therefore, health care practitioners can provide more practical and situational guidance for them.