論荀子思想之矛盾

On the Inconsistence in Hsün Tzu's Thought

李哲賢(Jer-Shiarn Lee)

《興大中文學報》 22期 (2007/12) Pp. 159-176

https://doi.org/10.30091/JCDNCHU.200712.0007

摘要

荀子係先秦儒學之殿軍，其學無所不窺，舉凡政治、軍事、社會、教育、經濟、知識、名理、心性及人生等皆有其個人之弘識，然要之，以「禮」為依歸。 在荀子之學說中，以性惡說最為著稱亦最具爭議，且由於文本中之一些章節而使得爭論更加複雜化，甚而看來似與性惡說相矛盾。 其中，與性惡觀點似相矛盾的章節有出自：一、〈王制〉篇二、〈禮論〉篇三、〈彊國〉篇，此外，尚有四、「偽」字之歧義問題及五、〈天論〉篇中之「天命」問題等。依此，本文旨在針對學者所提出的一些有問題的章節加以分析、詮釋，目的在於釐清學者在《荀子》文本中所發現的混亂，希望藉此能對荀子之學說有更確切的理解。

關鍵字

荀子 ； 人性論 ； 性惡 ； 偽 ； 義

並列摘要

Hsün Tzu is a very important figure in the Pre-Ch' in Confucian School, and is most famous for his claim that ”human nature is evil.” However, this claim is also the most controversial in Hsün Tzu's thought.
About the studies of Hsün Tzu, both Chinese and American scholars have made great contributions. Nevertheless, scholars in the study of Hsün Tzu have different ideas on the meaning of the doctrine of Human nature that is evil and have explored the inconsistence among Hsing-e doctrine and other texts in the Hsün Tzu.
The purpose of this paper is to solve the problems mentioned above in order to have better understanding of Hsün Tzu's thought.

並列關鍵字

Hsün Tzu ； Theory of Human Nature ； Human Nature is Evil ； Conscious Activity ； Sense of Duty