戰後初期臺灣推行國語運動之探討：1945-1949

Taiwan's Mandarin Promotion Movement in the Early Post-war Period: 1945-1949

林育辰(Lin, Yu-Chen)

《環球科技人文學刊》 27期 (2021/02) Pp. 19-31

摘要

本研究的目的在於了解1945年至1949年臺灣的國語運動措施。採用歷史研究法以文獻分析的方式進行研究。戰後臺灣成為中華民國的一部分，國語推展成為國民政府在臺的重要工作。國語運動的主要政策分別為推行國語以及禁日語。在推行國語方面的措施包括：一、廣設國語補習班；二、設立國語推行機構；三、「臺灣省國語推行委員會」成立，其主要措施為：（一）樹立國語標準；（二）訂定國語運動綱領；（三）訓練師資；（四）辦理國語日報；（五）協辦全臺性國語文競賽；其中樹立國語標準的做法有廣播讀音示範以及編輯國音標準彙編。而在禁日語方面的措施包含：一、中小學教師不得以日語授課；二、接收臺灣滿1年後，撤除報紙的日語版面。228事件後，除了延續先前的各項國語推行措施外，並更加嚴格的執行與訂定各種國語推行辦法，例如：恢復縣市國語推行所、提高國語推行員素質。對於清除日語的工作也更加嚴厲，措施包括：一、中小學教師學生禁用日語交談；二、查禁日語書籍；三、禁止公開播放日語歌曲。

關鍵字

戰後初期 ； 國語推行 ； 國語運動

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to discover the measures of Taiwan's Mandarin promotion movement from 1945 to 1949. Document Analysis was adopted in this study. The primary measures for implementing and promoting Mandarin included Mandarin promotion and the ban which Japanese was prohibited. In terms of Mandarin promotion, there were three major measures: (1) establishing Mandarin tutorial classes; (2) setting up Mandarin promotion mechanisms; (3) establishing Mandarin Promotion Council, which had 5 primary measures: (i) establishing standard Mandarin; (ii) setting up Mandarin promotion movement program; (iii) training the teachers; (iv) publishing daily news in Mandarin; (v) Co-Organizing Mandarin text contest. When it comes to the ban which Japanese was prohibited, two measures were implemented: (1) primary and secondary school teachers could not teach in Japanese; (2) Japanese was removed from the newspapers after the Republic of China's government acquired Taiwan one year later. After the 228 incident, measures of promoting Mandarin and the ban which Japanese was prohibited became stricter. Three measurements were included: (1) the teachers and students in primary and secondary school were not allowed to speak in Japanese; (2) Japanese publications were prohibited; (3) Japanese songs were not allowed to be played in public.

並列關鍵字

The early post-war period ； Mandarin promotion ； Mandarin promotion movement