利用逢機增幅多型性DNA技術分析大豆品系之遺傳歧異性

本研究自台南區農業改良場、高雄區農業改良場以及亞洲蔬菜研究中心共收集了59種不同大豆品種（系），包括24個毛豆品種（系）、23個黑豆品種（系）、6個茶豆品種（系）、2個綠肥用品種（系）與4個小粒大豆品種（系）。經測試113個逢機引子，結果顯示其中6個逢機引子(OPA-07、OPA-19、OPB-03、OPC-07、OPE-01、OPE-14)之反應產物具有品種（系）間多型性條帶。將所得條帶進行遺傳類似係數分析，結果顯示59個大豆品種（系）間的遺傳相似係數介於0.1至1.00，以RAPD多型性片段進行未加權算數平均法(UPGMA)群叢分析，當相似性係數介於49%時分為4群；第Ⅰ群有8個品種，包括黑豆、毛豆及茶豆。第Ⅱ群有49個品種（系），包括毛豆20個品種（系）、黑豆18個品種（系）、茶豆5個品種（系）；至於2個綠肥用品種（系）與4個小粒大豆品種（系）都在第Ⅱ群。第Ⅲ群和第Ⅳ群各僅包括1個品系，分別為屏東青仁黑豆和黑白美，都屬於黑豆品種。毛豆品系彼此之間的遺傳相似度在38%以上；黑豆品系間的遺傳相似度在30%以上。顯示使用RAPD方法可以做為初步分群以及評估毛豆與其他大豆品種之間彼此的遺傳歧異性。

關鍵字

逢機增幅核酸多型性；毛豆；遺傳歧異性

並列摘要

A total of fifty-nine soybean cultivars were collected, including 24 vegetable soybean lines, 23 black soybean lines, 6 Chia beans lines (brown vegetable soybean), 2 soybean lines for green manure usage and 4 soybean lines with small seed. To determine the genetic variations among cultivars, randomly amplified polymormic DNA (RAPD) method was used by 113 random primers. Only 6 random primers (OPA-19, OPA-07, OPB-03, OPC-07, OPE-01, and OPE-14) obtained polymorphic banding patterns among cultivars. Analysis of DNA banding profiles showed that the genetic similarities were between 0.1-1.00 among these cultivars. UPGMA clustering analysis of RAPD polymorphic bands divided 59 lines of the soybean into four groups with 49% similarities. Among these groups, group Ⅰincluded 8 cultivars, which consisted of vegetable soybean, black soybean, and Chia beans lines. Group Ⅱ included 49 cultivars, which were further divided into subgroup ⅡA, ⅡB, ⅡC, and ⅡD. Groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ contained a black bean cultivar, respectively and all of black soybeans were in 4 groups. We also found that cultivars with small seed size were associated with group Ⅱ. These results suggested that RAPD can be used in primary screening of the vegetative soybeans lines from each other and to evaluate the genetic diversity among them.

並列關鍵字

RAPD ； Vegetable soybean ； Genetic diversity

國際替代計量

利用逢機增幅多型性DNA技術分析大豆品系之遺傳歧異性

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