本研究旨在探討監獄戒護管理人員工作壓力的現況。立意取樣台灣南部監獄戒護管理人員406 人為樣本,採用問卷調查的方法,工具為自編之「戒護管理員的工作壓力問卷」,有25 個項目及基本資料,以李克特五點量表衡量各項目的程度,有效樣本390份。資料以探索性因素分析縮減資料,以描述性統計了解研究對象的分布情形與工作壓力的程度;以t 檢定及變異數分析了解不同對象間的差異性。結果:1.監獄戒護管理人員的工作壓力有四項因素,依平均數為序:角色對立(M=3.645)、組織內部(M=3.480)、工作外部(M=3.455)、工作負荷(M=3.242),其中「角色對立」最高,是工作壓力主因。2.不同背景戒護管理人員工作壓力的部分因素達到顯著差異的水準,但整體而言,年齡較長、職位較高的戒護管理員,工作壓力相對較低。3.從工作壓力模式可驗證:監獄戒護管理員的工作壓力之源為「角色對立」,建議監獄主管機關或長官,盡力屏除戒護管理員及受刑人間的「角色對立」情形,以降低戒護管理員的工作壓力。本研究的貢獻在於發現監獄戒護管理人員「工作壓力」的主要來源為「角色對立」,並提出可能有效的方案。
The aim of this study is to investigate the work stress of prison controllers. 406 subjects were included from the southern Taiwan, and we designed a questionnaire composed of personal profile and 25 Likert scale questions. The number of effective samples was 390, and we used explorative factor analysis for data reduction, descriptive statistics to understand the distribution of the subjects and their stress at work, and t-test to analyze the difference between variables. Our results showed that four factors accounts for the stress, including the role of opposition against the prisoners (M=3.654), internal factors of the organization (M=3.480), external factors of the organization (M=3.455), and work loading (M=3.242), in order of the means. Besides, although some of the factors causing work stress showed different influence on subjects with different backgrounds, however, generally, work stress of prison controllers with senior age or higher position is significantly lower. Furthermore, based on the model of work stress (MOWS), the role of opposition is the major source of stress of prison controllers. We suggest the directors of the institution reduce the oppositional situation between prison controllers and prisoners in order to lessen the work stress of prison controllers. The contribution of our study is to indicate that the major source of work stress of prison controllers is the role of opposition, and we propose possible solution to this problem.