大學生運動參與、體適能與自覺運動效益之研究

A research of exercise participation, physical fitness and benefits of self-perceived exercise of college students

張意德(Yi-Te Chang) ； 楊雅琪(Ya-Chi Yang) ； 盧廷峻(Ting-Chun Lu) ； 施國森(Kuo-Sen Shih)

《運動與遊憩研究》 16卷3期 (2022/03) Pp. 1-14

https://doi.org/10.29423/JSRR.202203_16(3).01

摘要

本研究目的旨在探討大學生運動參與、體適能與自覺運動效益的現況，研究結果將提供體育教學及運動參與相關研究上之參考。以中部地區465位大學生（男生198人、女生267人）為研究對象，平均年齡19.81±0.81歲；身高165.53±8.89公分；體重60.02±13.39公斤，進行運動參與問卷與體適能測驗，測驗所得數據以SPSS for windows 18.0套裝統計軟體處理，以描述統計、卡方檢定與變異數分析（ANOVA）等方法進行分析，顯著水準定為α=.05。所獲結果如下：一、運動參與以每週三天、每次運動31-60分鐘、每週運動時間1-2.5小時、運動強度在有點累的強度。二、自覺運動參與能改變身體型態（3.37±0.79）、提升個人自尊心（3.34±0.76）、健康與體適能（3.79±0.79）及運動參與滿意度（3.18±0.75）。三、運動參與目的與動機以體適能與健康管理最高35.9%，其次為個人外型與體重管理28.6%。四、男女體適能與教育部常模比較後，女生的一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐表現較好（銅質獎章）值得鼓勵，但男生的立定跳遠（下肢瞬發力）、女生的心肺耐力跑走上應要加強訓練，以提升個人健康體適能水準。結論：大學生的運動參與程度、體適能及和自覺運動效益上還有加強與改善的空間，本研究結果將提供大學生未來體育教學課程及運動參與相關研究上之參考。

關鍵字

體育教學 ； 運動習慣 ； 健康促進 ； SF-36生活品質量表

並列摘要

The aim of the study is to explore the current situation of exercise participation, physical fitness and benefits of self-perception exercise of college students. The population is 465 college students from central the area of Taiwan, 198 male and 267 female, and the average age is 19.81±0.8 years, height 165.53±8.89 cm, weight 60.02 ±13.39 km. The survey is conducted by using exercise participation questionnaire and physical fitness test. The data obtained from the test is processed with SPSS for windows 18.0 package statistical software using statistical methods such as descriptive statistics, independent sample t test, chi-square test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze, and the significance level is set as α=.05. The results are as follows: 1. Exercise participation is based on three days a week, 31-60 minutes per exercise, and 1-2.5 hours of exercise per week, the intensity of exercise is a bit tiring. 2. Self-perception exercise participation can change body shape (3.37±0.79) and improve personal self-esteem (3.34±0.76) and health and physical fitness is (3.79±0.79) and exercise participation satisfaction is (3.18±0.75). 3 Physical fitness and health management are the highest at 35.9% in purpose and motivation of exercise participation, followed by personal appearance and weight management at 28.6%. 4. Compared with the norm of the Ministry of Education, the physical fitness of men and women is significantly behind; the girl's one-minute sit-up performance is better (Bronze Medal), worthy of encouragement. However, boys' standing long jump (instant lower limb strength) and girls' cardiorespiratory endurance of running and walking should be strengthened to improve personal health and fitness level. Conclusion: There is still room for enhancement and improvement in the degree of exercise participation, physical fitness and self-perception exercise benefits of college students. The researcher hopes that the results of this study will provide references for physical education teaching and exercise participation related researches in the future.

並列關鍵字

Physical education ； exercise habit ； health promotion ； SF-36 life quality Survey

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