《世說新語》中所呈現《論語》孔學試探

劉義慶《世說新語》書中大量取用《論語》文獻之現象頗為令人注目，而且二書在體裁上都採用條列方式進行載錄表述，每則內容亦以簡短對話語錄方式進行呈現，形式雖簡短但意涵卻非常深遠，甚為耐人尋味，《論語》可視為記錄孔子的「語錄」；《世說》可看成展現名士的「筆記」，故而有學人認為《世說新語》是一部「新《論語》」之書。職是之故，本文主要以《世說新語》中對《論語》孔學之接受材料作為研究對象，透過全面的梳理與解析，從而歸納出三種展現樣貌，即書名篇章之命題、孔門人物之擬喻與孔學精神之影響，經由這三面向的細膩解讀，試圖朗現《論語》在魏晉時期所產生的影響力，從中亦可體察時人如何實踐孔學之精神，除此之外也希望透過資料的轉換，進而對目前魏晉《論語》學之研究成果進行補強作用。

關鍵字

《世說新語》；《論語》；書名篇章之命題；孔門人物之擬喻；孔學精神之影響

並列摘要

It is noticeable that many literatures of ＂The Analects of Confucius＂ are quoted in ＂Shi-Shuo-Xin-Yu＂. Furthermore, in terms of style, both of the two books make record and presentation by means of listing. Each literature is expressed in the form of brief quotation. In spite of brief form, implications of these literatures are very profound or even thought-provoking. ＂The Analects of Confucius＂ can be considered as a recording of ＂quotations＂ of Confucius. ＂Shi-Shuo-Xin-Yu＂ can be regarded as a presentation of notes of famous litterateurs. Therefore, some scholars think ＂Shi-Shuo-Xin-Yu＂ is a new book of The Analects of Confucius＂. Consequently, this paper mainly uses Confucianism of ＂The Analects of Confucius＂ presented in ＂Shi-Shuo-Xin-Yu＂ as the object of study. Through comprehensive summarization and analysis, this paper generalizes three kinds of presentation: proposition of book title and chapter, analogy of Confucianists and influences of Confucianism spirit. Through detailed interpretation of these three aspects, this paper attempts to show influence of ＂The Analects of Confucius＂ in Wei and Jin dynasties as well as observe how contemporary people implement spirits of Confucianism. Besides, this paper hopes to utilize conversion of data to reinforce achievements in research of learning of ＂The Analects of Confucius＂ of Wei-Jin period.