從臺灣觀光客觀點探討觀光客與居民之衝突

Conflicts between Hosts and Tourists: The Taiwan Tourists' Perspective

王大明(John Ta-Ming Wang) ； 林娟如(Chuan-Ju Lin)

《觀光旅遊研究學刊》 5卷2期 (2010/12) Pp. 97-124

https://doi.org/10.29689/JTTR.201012.0005

摘要

近年來，國人無論在國內或國外旅遊的人數都不斷增加；因此，也增加和當地居民接觸或發生衝突的機會。本研究旨在從觀光客的觀點，了解觀光客與居民之間的衝突情形及衝突因素，進而提高國人旅遊之品質。本研究先採用修正德菲法，對20位產、官、學等專家進行兩次施測，以確定問卷內容。並經預詴及項目分析後，得正式問卷。再於2006年3月間，同時以人員現場及網路發放問卷。在人員發放部分，針對國外及國內旅遊之觀光客，分別於桃園國際機場與各大捷運站進行問卷調查。共得有效問卷為815份，其中336 份來自網路問卷。經SPSS 13.0統計軟體分析，主要結果如下：1.經由因素分析後，可將觀光客與居民之衝突可分為「風俗習慣衝突」、「居民不友善」、「商品交易衝突」、「空間競爭衝突」與「溝通衝突」等五大因素構面。2.無論國外或國內旅遊，受訪者對「商業交易衝突」方面所造成的衝突感受，高於其他四個因素構面。3.不同的旅遊特性及觀光客之人口統計各變項，對於衝突五個構面皆有不同之影響，但以年齡大、高收入、教育程度較低者對居民的衝突感受較深。並針對研究結果提出具體建言，以期增進國人的旅遊品質。

關鍵字

觀光客 ； 居民 ； 衝突

並列摘要

Due to the fast developments of tourism and the increment of leisure time, the amount of domestic travelers and abroad travelers are increasing constantly. When tourists arrive their destinations, they will contact with local residents probably. When tourists face different cultures, languages or living habits, they may encounter conflicts with local residents. Some researches indicate that according to tourism development stages, local residents will not to welcome or resent at tourists.
This research intend to research the conditions of conflict between tourists and local residents, constructions of conflict, influential elements of conflict, and the findings of the study will provide valuable information to enhance the tourists' safety. There are two kinds of the structural questionnaires in the study, and also use internet questionnaire survey. The domestic tourists’ questionnaires were distributed to MRT's stations, and 280 of them are valid; the abroad tourists' questionnaires were distributed to Taoyuan International Airport, and 535 of them are valid. The main results can be summarized as follows: 1. After the factor analysis, the conflict factors could divide into five constructs: ”difference of cultures and habits”, ”the hosts' unfriendly attitude”, ”unsuitable commercial transactions”, ”special competition conflict”, ”communication conflict”. 2. No matter domestic or outbound travel, interviewers felt ”unsuitable commercial transactions conflict” higher than other constructs. 3. Different travel attributes and tourists' demographic variables, with different conflict constructs, however, the elder, high income and low education travelers felt conflict deeply. Finally, propose suggestions to improve Taiwanese travel quality.

並列關鍵字

Tourist ； Host ； Conflict