四湖海清宮與雲林、南投、彰化地區的包公廟分靈關係探討

Discussion on the Relationship between the Source of Baogong Temple in Yunlin, Nantou and Changhua Areas and the Branch of it in Haiching Temple

黃永財(HUANG, YONG-CAI)

《國立虎尾科技大學學報》 34卷4期 (2019/06) Pp. 121-138

https://doi.org/10.6425/JNHUST.201906_34(4).0009

摘要

包拯生於宋真宗咸平二年（999），卒於宋仁宗嘉祐七年（1062），終年六十四。清官典型模範，稱「包青天」、「包公」。生前在京師百姓就開始稱「閻羅包老」、「活閻羅」。得道（逝世）後被神格化，在中國宗教信仰中成為陰界行政司法神，稱「閻羅王」。臺灣人們建包公廟祭祀，稱「閻羅天子」或「包府千歲」等。臺灣（本島）包公信仰的建廟發展，從清代到2018，經調查，約有32座主祀包公的寺廟。在雲林縣、南投縣、彰化縣等三地區共有14座包公廟。以32座包公廟中，約佔44%。雲林縣四湖鄉海清宮，清高宗乾隆三年（1738）建廟，稱「閻羅天子包公祖廟」，在臺灣包公廟中，是分靈最多的寺廟。本文旨在對雲林縣、南投縣、彰化縣等三地區包公廟做建廟源流爬梳。探討這三地區包公廟，與鄰近的雲林縣四湖鄉海清宮有無分靈關係，從中了解包公信仰在臺灣發展的脈絡。

關鍵字

包公信仰 ； 四湖鄉海清宮 ； 雲林縣包公廟 ； 南投縣包公廟 ； 彰化縣包公廟

並列摘要

Bao Zheng was born in the second year of Xianping (999) during the reign of the emperor Zhenzong in Song dynasty, and died at the age of sixty-four in the seven years of Jiayou (1062) during the reign of the emperor Renzong in Song dynasty. Bao Zheng, called ＂Bao Qingtian＂ and ＂Bao Gong,＂ is a typical model of honest and upright official. During his lifetime, the residents of the capital began to call him ＂Yan Luo King＂. After his death, he was deified and became Yan Luo, the judge of the hell in the Chinese religious belief. People in Taiwan built a temple to worship him and called him ＂the Emperor of the Hell＂ or ＂Wangye Bao＂. The development of Baogong temples in Taiwan (the main island) can be traced back from Qing Dynasty to 2018. There are about 32 Baogong temples and 44% of them, 14 ones in total, are located in Yunlin County, Nantou County and Changhua County. Haiching Temple, also called ＂Ji Luo Tianzi Bao Gongzu Temple＂ was founded in Sihu Township, Yunlin County, in the third year (1738) during the reign of emperor Qing Gaozong, Qianlong, in Qing dynasty. and it is the origin of most Baogong Temples in Taiwan. The purpose of this paper is to discover the reason of building Baogong Temples in Yunlin County, Nantou County and Changhua County and to discuss whether the 14 Baogong Temples are related to with Haiching Temple, and to understand the development of belief in Baogong in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Baogong Faith ； Haiqing Temple in Sihu Township ； Baogong Temple in Yunlin County ； Baogong Temple in Nantou County ； Baogong Temple in Changhua Count

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