音樂治療對提升發展障礙幼兒抑制控制力之文獻初探與活動設計

抑制控制力是學齡前兒童發展過程中的重要基礎能力，它是執行功能核心能力，也在幼兒氣質向度中扮演著重要角色。抑制控制力影響學齡前兒童的情緒、行為、溝通、動作，及認知能力的成長，且此時期所建構的能力是未來日常生活適應能力的基礎。以訓練抑制控制力為目標的音樂治療，融合抑制控制力的測驗工具和音樂治療的原理來設計音樂活動，讓幼兒在多元彈性、動態參與的音樂情境中練習抑制控制。現行幼教課綱把美感領域列為幼兒需要培養與增強的目標，以提升幼兒核心素養。教育部自2014年開始推展一連串的美感素養計畫，且鼓勵美感應要從小扎根，擴大幼兒在美感上的經驗與視野。「音樂」是聲音所組成的藝術表現，是美感領域的一環，透過歌唱、樂器演奏及肢體動作等方式來傳達，而學齡前兒童可透過這些方式回應不同音樂的節奏與旋律。因此，音樂治療不僅可作為提升學齡前兒童抑制控制力的介入方案，也可作為培養幼兒美感的途徑。本文首先就執行功能和氣質理論探討抑制控制力對幼兒發展之重要性，並探討抑制控制力訓練與幼教新課綱核心素養美感領域之相關性，分析文獻以提出支持音樂介入的基礎及原理原則，最後，分享以訓練抑制控制力為目標的音樂治療活動設計。

關鍵字

音樂治療；抑制控制力；學齡前兒童

並列摘要

Inhibition control is fundamental in the development of preschool children. It is the core of executive function and plays an important role in the temperament of children. Inhibition control affects the development of preschool children's emotions, behaviors, communication, movements, and cognitive learning ability, and the skills learned during this period are the foundation of future daily life skills. The new curriculum of preschool education lists the aesthetic education as a learning goal and way to cultivate the core competency of young children. Since 2014, the Ministry of Education has promoted a series of aesthetic competency programs with special emphasis on providing this education to children as young as possible whenever possible. ＂Music＂ is an artistic expression of sound. It is conveyed through singing, instrumental performance, and physical movement. Preschool children can respond to the rhythm and melody of different pieces of music in these ways. Therefore, it will be desirable if preschool children's inhibition control can be trained using goal-oriented music applications and their aesthetic competency can also be addressed through their music participation. This article will discuss the relationship between inhibition control and early childhood development based on the inhibition control and Temperament Theory. This article will also provide examples and discussion on incorporating inhibition control training into aesthetic education and on how to train inhibition control using music therapy intervention.

並列關鍵字

musical therapy ； preschool children ； inhibition control

參考文獻

龔美娟、雷庚玲(2017)。學齡前兒童之成就目標設定與其氣質組型。教育心理學報，48(4)，487-507。doi:10.6251/BEP.20160513

Best, J. R., & Miller, P. H. (2010). A developmental perspective on executive function. Child Development, 81(6), 1641–60. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01499.x

Cothran, D.L. & Larsen, R. (2008). Comparison of Inhibition in Two Timed Reaction Tasks: The Color and Emotion Stroop Tasks. J Psychol, 142(4), 373-385. doi:10.3200/JRLP.142.4.373-385

Claudia, L.R., Gonzalez, F. R. , & Robbin, L. G..(2020). Musical Training Enhances Inhibitory Control in Adolescence DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91288

Fernández-Sotos, Fernández-Caballero, A. & Latorre, J.M. (2016). Influence of Tempo and Rhythmic Unit in Musical Emotion Regulation. Front. Comput. Neurosci. 10:80. doi: 10.3389/fncom.2016.00080

國際替代計量

音樂治療對提升發展障礙幼兒抑制控制力之文獻初探與活動設計

全文下載

主題瀏覽