腦性麻痺特教老師之工作適應探討

有鑑於就業對腦麻者參與社會生活意義重大，而腦麻者要進入專業型職場與一般人競爭實屬不易，且國內探討腦麻者工作適應之研究較缺乏，故本研究以一位代課長達17年的腦麻特教老師為研究個案，旨在透過個案如何從腦麻生成為特教老師之歷程探討有利於個案就業前之準備因素；瞭解個案成為腦麻特教老師後之工作困境與調適歷程；最後分析腦麻者工作適應之影響因素。本研究採個案研究法，資料蒐集納入有訪談及文件蒐集法。研究結果發現：（一）有利於個案腦麻者就業前之準備因素：個案對融合教育環境的適應，父母不過度保護養成其獨立性格，個案對特教服務有極大熱情，加上法令保障與師培專業訓練，一路有師友鼓勵有助個案認同自我價值；（二）個案腦麻者工作困境與調適歷程：個案共服務17所學校，主要工作困境包含交通問題、體力無法負荷、薪資待遇落差、主管態度、管教學生方式、同事理念溝通、感情問題等，最終個案透過心理建設繼續前進；（三）個案腦麻者工作適應之影響因素：工作環境因素為就業職場之人際支持資源與面臨之人物力等障礙，個人因素為能接納自我缺陷與克服受他人質疑之心理障礙，並在職業表現中獲得肯定。

關鍵字

腦性麻痺；特教老師；個案研究；工作適應

並列摘要

In view of the fact that employment is of great significance to people with cerebral palsy participating in social life, it is not easy for them to enter a professional workplace to compete with ordinary people. Furthermore, domestic research on the work adjustment of cerebral palsy is lacking. This research focuses on a special education teacher with cerebral palsy who has served as a substitute teacher for 17 years. The case study explores the process from a cerebral palsy student to a special education teacher, along with his work adjustment process after entering the education workplace. Through the process, we analyze the factors that affect the work adjustment of cerebral palsy. This research adopts a case study method, and the data collection includes interviews and document collection methods. The results of the study have three findings: (1) Factors that are conducive to the case's preparation for employment: the case's adaptation to the integrated education environment, the parents do not over-protect and develop their independent character, the case has great enthusiasm for special education services. Coupled with legal protection and professional training for teacher training, there are mentors along the way to encourage and help the case identify self-worth (2) Difficulties of casework and adjustment process: The cases served 17 schools. The main work dilemmas included traffic problems, physical inability to handle, salary gap, supervisory attitude, student discipline, communication with colleagues, emotional problems, etc. In the end, the case continues to advance through psychological construction. (3) The factors that affect employment adjustment include both personal and environmental aspects. Personal factors are the ability to accept self-deficiencies and overcome psychological barriers questioned by others. Work environment factors are the interpersonal support resources in the workplace and the obstacles faced by people, things, etc.