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藉由正念減壓改善銀髮俱樂部老年人憂鬱情緒與心理健康之成效探討：一項混合研究
The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Improving Depressed Mood and Mental Health in Older Adult of the Seniors Club: A Polit Study of Mixed Methods
摘要
銀髮俱樂部為延緩長輩老化、落實活躍老化的場所，活動規劃若能依學員需求設計，將可達最大效益。於新北市某俱樂部的學員，多數需照料失智症或早療的家人，他們會先送家人參加失智日照，同時自己再參加同址不同樓層的俱樂部活動，依筆者們互動經驗，發現此類學員，往往在活動時心繫另一端的家人，而無法專注投入，且有著許多負向情緒，影響其心理健康。本研究探討正念減壓介入後研究對象的憂鬱情緒和心理健康之效果。採用混合研究設計，研究工具為周全性老人評估及長者功能評估量表，活動先評估長者的需求，並透過實證文獻檢索（PICO原則），再依照指引發展實證照顧措施，設計每週一次2小時，持續八週的正念減壓課程。研究結果顯示，課程顯著改善憂鬱（p=0.002）、正念（p=0.013）和幸福感（p=0.004），再者，於質性分析發現參與者可感到心理舒緩、緩和身體不適、覺知當下與暫停不批判、並對未來仍有期待。結論：應用正念減壓於銀髮俱樂部長者的心理健康呈現顯著改善的實證證據，建議未來常規列入此課程用於促進學員心理健康，以達到成功老化目標。
並列摘要
The seniors club is a place to delay the aging of the older adults and implement for active aging. If the activity planning can be designed according to the needs of the clients, the maximum benefit will be achieved. Most of the older adults in one club in New Taipei City who need to take care of family members with dementia or early treatment. They will send their family members to participate in daycare center firstly, then at the same time, they participate in club activities on different floors of the same building. Based on our interactive experience, we found this such clients are often concerned about their family on the other side when they are accepting activities, so they cannot concentrate and devote themselves, and have many negative emotions then influence their mental health. Objective: To explore the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention on the depression and mental health of the research subjects. Method: A mixed research design was adopted. The research tools were the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and the Elderly Functional Assessment Scale. The activity was to assess the demands of the older adults. Through empirical literature retrieval (PICO principles), evidence-based care measures were developed in accordance with the guidelines. The design was 2 hours once a week, eight-week mindfulness-based stress reduction course. Results: After the course intervention, the participants significantly improved depression (p = 0.002), increased mindfulness (p = 0.013) and well-being (p = 0.004). Moreover, in qualitative analysis, it was found that the participants have felt psychologically relieved, relieve physical discomfort, be aware of the present and suspend non-judgment, and still look forward to the future. Conclusion: This result shows empirical evidence for the significant improvement and promotion of the mental health of the older adults in the seniors club by applying the mindfulness-based stress reduction course. It is recommended that this course be routinely included in the future to promote the mental health of the clients, so as to achieve the goal of successful aging.