中國競技運動後備人才隊伍培養之研究

本文旨在探討中國競技運動後備人才隊伍培養，本研究採用文獻分析的方法，針對競技運動後備人才概念、中國競技運動後備人才培養現況、地區和各運動隊培養，及學校競技運動後備人才組建等進行探討，得到下列結果與建議：一、競技運動後備人才是具有該運動的素質要求能力，並能應付運動訓練、競賽的各種要求。二、中國競技運動後備人才培養分布不均，一、三線隊伍少，二線隊伍多，顯示基層後備人才短缺的窘境。21世紀提出向農村要人才的政策，以確保競技運動後備人才隊伍穩定發展，藉由體育科技政策，促進競技運動水凖與技術提升服務。三、地區與各運動隊後備人才培養，以改善過去單一培養體制爲目的，建立多渠道、多形式、多層次的管理體制，依託奧運會運動項目發展，強調改善體育與教育之間的矛盾，建立體教結合的機制與發展模式，促使競技運動後備人才培養更臻完善。四、早期的「思想一盤棋、組織一條龍、訓練一貫制」培養體制，已轉爲多元化、多渠道、多層次的方式，同時兼顧非體育系統運動後備人才輸送，廣泛地將具潛力的優秀運動後備人才往高一層輸送，確保競技運動後備人才輸送管道與建立優秀運動後備人才流通和管理機制，值得參考。

關鍵字

競技運動；後備人才；隊伍

並列摘要

This study is to aim at prosing into the reservation of talented teams of China's competitive sports. The method of this research is to adopt documents analysis, for understanding those concepts and current situations of training and building up for the reserved talents of the competitive sports in different areas and schools in China. Here, we have concluded the following reu1ts and suggestions: 1. The basic requirements for those reserved talents of competitive sport need to have the quality and capabilities to meet training's and match's challenges, and can deal with various kinds of demands of sport training, contest, 2. The manpower distribution of Chinas sport reserved teams have been imbalanced. Both of the tier 1 and tier 3 team members are few, but many are in tier 2 teams, this has Shown the cultivation of the reserved talents in an awkward situation in the basic units, By pushing the policy of wanting talents from countryside in the 21st century, China is to ensure the talents team being developed steadily, as well as by the scientific and technological policy. 3. The various ways of building up different reserved sports team, instead of the single cultivation system in the past, they do by setting up multi-channel, multi-way and multi-level management system. These have to he relied on the trends of sports events in Olympic Gaines, and they also need to put emphasis on improving the contradiction between the sports and education, so as to complete the mechanism for the reserved personnel training of the competitive sports team. 4. The previous concept of Think for all, organize as one unit, and training through one system', has been already transferred to the way of multi-function, multi-channel, and multi-level. Plus, they also explore the talents from the non-Physical education system, as long as the people are highly potential. And then, sending those potential people to the higher cultivation channels as the then, sending hose potential people to the higher cultivation channels as the reserved talents team will be. And finally, it is worth of setting up the mechanism of circulation of these reserved talents as a system.