- 期刊
中國大陸競技運動職業化發展歷程之探討
The Development Process from Competitive Sport to Professional Sports in Mainland China
摘要
目的：探討中國大陸發展競技運動逐漸發展職業運動的重要歷程做，並歸類出目前所面臨的問題。方法：以文獻分析法（Document Analysis），整理歸納出中國大陸職業運動發展的脈絡、現況，以及現階段面臨的問題。結果：中國大陸在「舉國體制」的體育政策背景之下，於1992年開始，在世界職業運動發展之潮流下，有計畫性地發展職業運動，有別於世界各國在發展職業運動聯盟多半由民間籌組而成，中國大陸則是由官方協會統籌規劃，目前以足球、籃球、排球及桌球四大職業聯賽為主體。但在發展過程中由於政府單位涉入較深，導致目前仍面臨經營體制出現雙軌現象、市場定位不明確、專業經營管理人才不足、與新聞媒體互不足等問題。未來中國大陸政府應參考其他國家的發展經驗及營運模式，釋放更多的營運權給運動俱樂部，朝向良性的市場化發展。
並列摘要
Purpose: To explore the development process from competitive sport to professional sports in mainland China, and classified the current problems they faced. Method: Document Analysis was employed to analysis the data gathered from government public information and document, previous researches. Results: We found that since 1992, under the whole nation sport system policy background and worldwide professional sports trend , they began to develop their self professional sports system. Different from the professional sports system in the other countries, professional sports system in China was almost whole-lead by government. Up to now, Chinese Football Association Super League, China Basketball Association, China Table Tennis Super League, China Table Tennis Super League, and China Volleyball Association were main professional sports league in China, and also have achieved some specific achievements. In the development process due to the government agencies involved in the deeper, the operating system still faces a two-track phenomenon, market positioning is not clear, the lack of professional management personnel, lack of interaction with the mass media and other issues. Future government of mainland China should make reference to the development experience of other countries and the mode of operation, release the operating rights to the professional sports ports club, toward a benign market development.