臺北市高齡者休閒運動涉入與幸福感之研究

本研究旨在探討高齡者休閒運動涉入與幸福感之現況與相關情形，為達此目的，本研究以高齡者為本研究對象，採便利抽樣方式進行問卷調查，共發放出464 份，回收有效問卷共計418 份，有效問卷率達90%。根據所得資料，以描述性統計、t 檢驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、典型相關等統計方法進行處理，研究結果發現：一、臺北市高齡者對休閒運動有中程度之涉入，其中以「吸引力」的平均值為最高，其次是「自我表現」，而「中心性」最低。二、不同年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況、財務狀況、健康狀況變項之高齡者在休閒運動涉入有差異存在。三、不同教育程度、婚姻狀況、財務狀況、健康狀況變項之高齡者在幸福感有差異存在。四、臺北市高齡者休閒運動涉入與幸福感之間的關聯性達中度正相關。各構面之間皆達顯著正相關，相關係數最高的為「自我表現」與「樂觀」，具有顯著的中度正相關。最後本研究得到以下結論：高齡者之休閒運動涉入與幸福感具有正相關。

關鍵字

高齡者；休閒運動涉入；幸福感

並列摘要

This study aims at discussing the current situation and correlation between involvement in exercise and feeling of happiness among the elderly. Participants from 12 districts in Taipei City were involved, and the data were collected through random sampling from questionnaires. A total of 464 questionnaires were distributed while 418 (90%) were valid. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, T-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient, and Canonical Correlation. The results revealed that：1. the elderly in Taipei City involved considerably in exercise, and ＂attraction＂ ranks the highest among other factors, followed by ＂self-performance,＂ while ＂centrality to lifestyle＂ ranks the last. This indicated that ＂attraction＂ was the major factor of involvement in exercise, suggesting that exercise is essential and entertaining to the elderly. 2. Age, educational backgrounds, marital status, financial status, and health condition all significantly influenced how the elderly do exercise. This finding indicated that the elderly with different features involved themselves differently in doing exercise. 3. People with different educational backgrounds, marital status, financial status, and health condition manifested different levels of feeling of happiness, revealing that the elderly with different features have different levels of the feeling of happiness. 4. A moderately positive correlation between involvement in exercise and the feeling of happiness was found. Each variations from both sides were positively correlated, while ＂self-correlation＂ and ＂optimism＂ had the highest correlation coefficient and reached moderately positive correlation. This research revealed a positive correlation between involvement in exercise and feeling of happiness, so the authorities concerned and social welfare organizations are encouraged to engage the elderly in platform and lessons so as to promote their involvement in exercise. The elderly may thus lead a healthier and happier life.